Study For Genetic Diversity And Phylogenesis Using MtDNA D-Loop On Four Domestic Donkey Breeds In China

Study for the origin and genetic diversity of Chinese domestic donkeys including Dezhou donkey,Guanzhong donkey, Liangzhou dongkey and Xinjiang donkey using mtDNA D-loop. In order to providescientific materials for the protection and utilizing of Chinese domestic donkey breeds resource.We sequenced the mitochondrial DNA D-loop for 95 donkeys from four breeds. The alignment wascarried out by clustalX. Phylogenetic analysis, haplotypes and nucleotide diversity were accomplishedby Dnasp4.10. MEGA3.1 was used for constructing N-J tree and UPGMA tree. NETWORK was usedfor phylogenetic network constructions. According to the Genbank reference sequence, there were 32polymorphic sites in 95 sequences of 485bp long, including 30 locations of transitions, one transversionand one insertion. 30 haplotypes were discovered in 95 sequences. The proportion was 31.6%. Thehighest haplotype proportion was 88.9% in DZ breed and the lowest was 36.3% in XJ breed. Theanalysis of N-J tree and UPGMA tree showed that two obvious branches were taken on in Chinesedomestic donkeys.13 sequences were downloaded from Genbank including 6 of Asian wild donkeys, 3 of African wilddonkeys, 3 of Croatia donkeys and one of another European donkey. The result showed that there weretwo maternal origins in Chinese donkey breeds, and revealed much detailed genetic information.Chinese donkey breeds had closer relationship with African wild donkeys.In this study, Chinese domestic donkey breeds had closer relationship with African donkeys thanAsia donkeys, so we hold the point of view of African origins of Chinese domestic donkeys. It isdemonstrated that and the Somali wild donkey may be the ancestor of Chinese domestic donkeys.Besides Dezhou donkey breed have been protected better than other breeds, and Xinjiang donkey breedneeded to be protected strengthenly.