Studies On Biological Characteristic And Toxicity Mensuration Of Dactylopius Confusus (Cockerell) From Opungia Fius-Indic

1.Shape characteristic observationCarries on the observation to Dactylopius Coccus Costa's shape characteristic,The results showed that:There were several instars among the growth of Dactylopius Coccus Costa,in which female process:Egg,the first instars,the second instars,and adult female; The male insect include:Egg,the first larva,the second larva,pre-pupa,pupa and adult male.The female prosopon body oval,body long 2.3-3.5mm,antenna 7,the body by the white cotton and kapok shape wax silk,many insect's wax silk often is fused densely in together,forms the cotton and kapok to be spherical,after the dewaxing the insect body becomes the purple red.The male prosopon body is tall and slender,is smaller than the female prosopon,0.6-3.0mm,the antenna growth is approximately good,reads beaded,the garnet,has the little white wax powder.The compound eyes are red,has no mouthparts, has a pair of anterior wing,the latter wing degeneration is a halter.The abdomen has two white tail silk,and so on is approximately long with the body.2.Species identification researchThrough female's body wax glands of the Dactylopius confusus(Cockerell)the scanning electron microscope research,the results showed that:Dactylopius confusus (Cockerell)female prosopon wax gland hole single or in groups,the forehead 25-30 crowd, each group has 4-6 approximately,the chest approximately 120-125 crowd,each crowd of 4-6,the abdomen approximately 200 crowds,each crowd reaches 30 approximately.The abdomen bristle are many and are big,the forehead is short and are few,the final abdominal segment bristle is short,circle columnar.The Dactylopius confusus(Cockerell) king antennas scanning electron microscope result indicated that:Four types of sensilla on the antenna of Dactylopius confusus(Cockerell),namely Trichoid sensilla,campaniform sensilla basiconic sensilla,styloconic sensilla.This experiment initially species identification is Dactylopius confusus(Cockerell).3.Under nature habitat Dactylopius confusus(Cockerell)'s biological characteristic observationUnder the natural environment condition,Dactylopius confusus(Cockerell)life must pass through oviposit,incubate,the proliferation,fixed,secretes the wax and grows six growth stages.Just hatched nymphae's,had the aggregated habit,the most nymphaes often gathered in together,crawled to the host cactus's peak,sought the new stem piece, derived the new nutrition.This insect has hastens touches the habit and the negative ray, usually can choose fixes in the host cactus stem back shady-side thorn base or the concave place,after fixed then no longer moves.4.Distributed of Dactylopius eonfusus(Coekerell)quantity on different spot of cactus and to cactus stem piece selective researchThrough the stochastic selection parasitism has on Dactylopius confusus(Cockerell)'s cactus adult plant investigation in the greenhouse,finally indicated:The grain most likes parasiting on two level of stem pieces,next is the level stem piece,on three level of stem pieces parasites quantity are least.Dactylopius confusus(Cockerell)main parasitism in cactus stem piece under spot.The Dactylopius confusus(Cockerell)in parasites quantity to on the east cactus stem piece to be many,occupies always parasites quantity 72.6%,on the western cactus stem piece grain parasitism quantity are few,only accounts for the parasitic total 27.4%.5.The growth influence of the Dactylopius confusus(Cockerell) under temperature processingRaises the Dactylopius confusus(Cockerell)under 21℃-33℃five temperature conditions,the research temperature to the grain various stadiums survival percentage,it's body size,the insect heavy and the bosom egg quantity and various insects' condition growth experience time influence.Result demonstration:27℃the insects' various stadiums survival percentage is highest,insect body length and breadth,insect heavy biggest,cherishes the egg quantity to be most,most suits the grain survival.Various insects' condition growth experience time along with temperature rise growth experience time reduction.Looked from the entire generation,grain's growth speed for 33℃＞30℃＞27℃＞24℃＞21℃.The grain grows quickly although under 33℃the condition,but its prosopon's size,the body weight are small,cherish the egg quantity also to reduce along with it. 6.Studies on the Dactylopius confusus(Cockerell)reproduction characteristic and survives in the winterIn the room raises under the condition,through to the Dactylopius confusus (Cockerell)reproduction quantity investigation,finally indicated:Dactylopius confusus(Cockerell)'s quantity is big,the average each insect's reproduction quantity all above 350,high reaches 421 heads.The temperature is affects the reproduction quantity the primary factor,between the humidity and the reproduction quantity the difference is not remarkable.But through has the actor's wig to the cover and does not cover two kind of processing Dactylopius confusus(Cockerell)'s bosom egg quantity dissection result analysis which the actor's wig grows naturally to be possible to know,grain's reproduction way is the sexual reproduction,and is through spawns the hatching,but is not the viviparity.Survives the winter the period in the Dactylopius confusus(Cockerell),to the various insects' condition quantity investigation,finally indicated that,In entire survives the winter the period has the female prosopon and the cocoon condition also quantity change not too obvious,is surviving the winter the period had not discovered the male prosopon,the definite Dactylopius confusus(Cockerell)survives the winter the instar:The female is the female prosopon and the egg,the king is a cocoon.7.Medicament to Dactylopius confusus(Cockerell)toxicity mensurationFive medicament to Dactylopius confusus(Cockerell)1^stage nymphae,2_ndage nymphaes,the female prosopon's toxicity mensuration,the result indicated that,These five medicament are consistent to various insects' condition toxicity size order.10% Imidacloprid has the highest toxicity tovarious insects' instar,other are in turn 36% Cypemethrin,48%Chlopyrifos,4.5%Beta-cypermethrin,1.8%Avermectin toxicity is lowest.Demonstrated by five medicament to 1st age nymphae and prosopon's toxicity comparison result that,five medicament obviously are higher than 2^ndage nymphaes and the prosopon to 1^stage nymphae's toxicity,explained the Dactylopius confusus(Cockerell) along with stadium enlargement,it bears the medicine degree also gradually to enhance, therefore,should prevent and control as soon as possible.The preventing and controlling best time in the nymphae time,Dactylopius confusus(Cockerell)'s nymphae time in the end of February and at the beginning of March,is generally good in this time preventing and controlling effect,simultaneously must pay attention to each medicament to gather the theory with and mixes uses,delays its antibiotic production.