Study On The Propagation Techniques Of Several Ornamentl Ferns

As one part of ornamental plants, ornamental ferns are characterized by such function as beautifying, greeting, coloring and purifying environment. This study focuses on spore propagation techniques, spore germination and gametophyte development, tissue culture of ornamental ferns. The main results are showed as follows:1. On the spore propagation techniques of ornamental ferns. Spore propagation is an economical and practical method. In different medium time Cyrtomium fortunei,Dryopteris championi,Dryopteris fuscipes spores need to germinate and to form gametophyte and sporophyte was different, and the developing condition of gametophyte and sporophyte was different. The best substrate for Cyrtomium fortunei was a mixture of peat-soil:vermiculite: perlite=2:1:1 and it need about 110 days from spore germination to the first young sporophyte appeared;The best substrate for Dryopteris championii and Dryopteris fuscipes was a mixture of peat-soil:vermiculite =2:1, Dryopteris championii need about 120 days from spore germination to the first young sporophyte appeared, Dryopteris fuscipes need about 30 days from spore germination to many gametophyte appeared. The substrate only including pure peat-soil was the worst one for the three ornamental ferns, Dryopteris fuscipes need about 45 days from spore germination to many gametophyte appeared, Cyrtomium fortunei need about 160 days and Dryopteris championii need about 170 days from spore germination to the first young sporophyte appeared.2. On the spore germination and gametophyte development. The process of spore germination can be divided into five phases: spore germination phase, filament phase, prothallial-plate phase, prothallus phase, sporophyte phase. It is namely from one dimensional structure to two dimensional structure and to three dimensional structure in the end; Antheridium appears in the early prothallus, but archegonium appears 3 to 4 weeks later than antheridium, the mature prothallus is filled with flashing water drops; the prothallus changes from large to small, green to yellow when young sporophyte comes out. The prothallus of ferns die away after the third leaf of sporophyte appears.3. On the tissue culture system of shoot tip of Allantodia chinensis. 0.02% HgCl2 containing drops of superficial humectant-Tween sterilized shoot tips of Allantodia chinensis for 5 min, then washed them with axenic distilled water 3～5 times, The basic MS medium containing BA1.0mg/L and NAA0.1mg/L received the best multiplication effect for the shoot tips of Allantodia chinensis. The concentration of NAA had great effect on root system growth. The concentration of NAA 0.5mg/L was the best for root growth.4. On the tissue culture system of shoot tip of Coniogramme japonica. 0.05%HgCl2 containing drops of Tween sterilizing shoot tips of Coniogramme japonica for 5 min had the best effect. The best multiplication medium for the shoot tip of Coniogramme japonica was MS medium only including NAA0.1mg/L.5. On the tissue culture system of Dryopteris fuscipes spore propagation. The basic medium of different tactless concentration had distinct effect on the spore germination. 1/2 MS was the best for the spore germination and it only need 7 days; Using 1/2 MS as the basic medium , the sugar concentration also had distinct effect on the spore germination and 2% sugar concentration was the best for the spore germination. The MS medium containing BA1.0mg/Land NAA 0.5mg/L was the best for prothallus multiplication. In this medium, the prothallus differentiated shoots earlier and the number of the shoots was the most, the color of the young sporophyte was emerald green.