| Ferns is one of the three catagories of higher plants,which is between bryophyte and spermatophyte from the perspect of phylogeny evolution. There exists about 12,000 kinds of Ferns in the earth,most of them are herbage plants. Our country has quite a lot of ferns,with an about of 2,600 kinds,taking above 1/5 of the world. From the ancient to the current day, there has history of using ferns for curing disease as folk prescription,and many kinds of ferns have medicinal. In the recent years, more and more chemical constituents in the ferns are discovered using analytical chemistry. And a lot of ferns look beautiful, with a high value of ornamental value. Adding to its importance in biology, ferns is getting closer and closer to humans'lives, which makes more people taking part in researching.The article is mainly doing research on some kinds of medicinal ferns from three aspects, which could be divided into four parts.The first part summarizes something about ferns, including Propagation technology, gametophyte development and development of the research on the structure and growth of leaf epidermis.With the methods of using tissue culture, routine culture and solution culture, the second part researches on spores propagation technique through five medicinal ferns, which are Pteris vittata Linn, Cyrtomiu balansa (Christ) C.Chr.,Blechnum orientale L., Pteris multifida Poir, Phynatosorus cuspidatus (D. Don) Pic. Serm , trying to find out its proper way of propagation and the hormone's effect. It turns out that :(1)Pteris vittata Linn is easier to propagate and it could largely breed in MS routine culture, apparently it will grow quicker if adding a density of 6-BA(1.0~1.5mg/L);Prothallium grows to GGB in the culture medium;(2) It is also discovered in the experiment that the hormones does not have much effect on Pteris multifida Poir ,but in the routine culture ,using MS nutrient solution instead of using regular water may be a good method for Pteris multifida Poir's propagation. It is simple and with a high seedling rate. (3)It is not very ideal result of tissue culture of Cyrtomiu balansa (Christ) C. Chr, but it's found that in the routine culture Cyrtomiu balansa (Christ) C. Chr.'s spores and prothallus not only grow fast but also could be vegetative propagation if they're lightened all the day and night. (4)Prothallium of Blechnum orientale L. could be induced callus by 2,4-D,but the induced callus performs different properties depending on the density of hormone, and they could not normally grow and induce sporophyte. It performs low-efficiency of inducing cultured sporophyte in MS culture medium. (5)2,4-D could induce prothallium of Phynatosorus cuspidatus (D. Don) Pic. Serm quite a lot of rhizoid, but all used hormones could not induce sporophyte of prothallium of Phynatosorus cuspidatus (D. Don) Pic. Serm..The third part does research on gametophyte development of seven medicinal ferns belowed as: Pteris vittata Linn., Cyrtomiu balansa (Christ) C. Chr., Pteris multifida Poir, Phynatosorus cuspidatus (D. Don) Pic. Serm., Blechnum orientale L., Neottopteris nidus (L.) J.Sm., Cyclosorus acuminatus. spore-germination type of Pteris vittata Linn is Vittaria-type, gametophyte development type is Ceratopteris-type, in the course of gametophyte development does not have trichomatas. Spore-germination of Pteris multifida Poir is Vittaria-type, gametophyte development type is Ceratopteris-type, in the course of gametophyte development does not have trichomatas, performing the same as Pteris vittata Linn. Spore-germination type of Phynatosorus cuspidatus (D. Don) Pic. Serm is Anemia-type, gametophyte development type is Ceratopteris-type;spore-germination of Neottopteris nidus(L.) J.Sm. is Vittaria-type, gametophyte development type is Ceratopteris-type; Spore germination type of Blechnum orientale L. is Vittaria-type, gametophyte development type is Adiantum-type; Spore-germination type of Cyclosorus acuminatus is Vittaria-type, gametophyte development is Adiantum-type; Spore-germination type of Cyrtomiu balansa (Christ) C. Chr. is Vittaria-type, gametophyte development type is Aspidium-type.The fourth part does some observation on leaf epidermis of eight medicinal ferns belowed as: Neottopteris nidus(L.) J.Sm., Cyrtomiu balansa (Christ) C. Chr., Cyclosorus acuminatus, Blechnum orientale L.,Adiantum malesianum Ghatak, Pteris vittata Linn., Pteris multifida Poir,Nephrolepis auriculata(L.)Trimen., and sums up characteristics and growing course of up and lower leaf epidermis and also carefully describes the development and type of stomatal apparatus. Eight types of stomatal apparatus are observed in these eight ferns:Polocytic type,Copolocytic type,Axillocytic type,Coaxillocytic type,Anisocytic type,Anomotetracytic type,Aotinocytic type,Diacytic type.These stomatal apparatus takes up different percentage in every kind of leaf epiderm, and every stomatal apparatus has one to three advantage kind. Development of stomatal mainly means stomatal's mother cells are formed through two and three splittings, and they all have Subs diary cells.
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