Development Of Novel Seedless And Triploid Grapevine Germplasm By Embryo Rescue Techinque

Cross combinations were designed, in which used seedless grape cultivars as maternal parents. 4 cross combinations of seedless×seeded diploid were Ruby seedless×Xinyu ,Dalihong seedless×1-9-6, Delight×Beichun and Thompson seedless×Xuefeng . 2 cross combinations of seedless×seeded tetraploid were Emerald seedless×Black olimpia and Emerald seedless×Fujiminori . 4 cross combination of seedless cultivar self-pollination were Delight self-pollination, Blush seedless self-pollination, Dalihong seedless self-pollination and Thompson seedless self-pollination. First of all, embryos were cultured in vitro for 8 weeks and then cultured on seedling-formation medium. Later , cross progenies were transplanted in greenhouse.Furthermore, factors of embryo rescue about ovule-development medium , ovule treatments and compatibility of different ploidy parents were studied. Ploidies of seedless×seeded tetraploid grapes were identified with Flow Cytometry . Main results was as following ,1. Embryo rescue technique was employed and 114 seedlings were obtained from 10 cross combinations using seedless grape cultivars as maternal parents. There were 75 progeny seedlings of seedless self-pollination , 15 progeny seedlings of seedless×seeded diploid , 24 progeny seedlings of seedless×seeded tetraploid . Seedlings obtained in this reseach were discrepant because of different cross combination . Germination percentage and seedling percentage of Thompson seedless self-pollination were the highest , 40.0% ,30.0% respectively . 91 seedlings of 8 combinations were transplanted and percentage of survival seedlings in greenhouse was 90.11% .2.Factors of embryo rescue were studied . Nitsch solid-liquid medium(supplemented 0.05 g/L CH) was suitable for ovule development and embryogenesis , which used Dalihong seedless and Emerald seedless as maternal parents . It was useful for embryo to germinate and emerge seedlings with dissected ovules treatment , but cutting ovules transversely can be used if embryos can't be seen with naked eyes in order to avoid hurting embryos . The order of parental compatibility ,according to percentages of embryo germination and emerging seedlings , was seedless diploid self-pollination>seedless diploid×seeded diploid>seedless diploid×seeded tetraploid grapes .3. Triploid cross progenies were obtained primarily .4 triploid and 1 tetraploid progenies of Emerald seedless×Black olimpia and Emerald seedless×Fujiminori were obtained with Flow Cytometry primarily.