Study On Embryo Rescue For Seedless Grapes Breeding

Anatomy and morphology of embryos were investigated on Crimson seedless. Zi Xiang seedless. Dawn seedless in 30d to 65d after pollinated by paraffin wax section. The ovule of Zi Xiang seedless×Crimson seedless,Zi Xiang seedless×Dawn seedless. Zi Xiang seedless×Jing ZaoJing,Crimson seedless×Dawn seedless,Crimson seedless×Jing Zaojing,Crimson seedless×Zi Xiang seedless were cultured. Embryo development and germition conditions such as basic medium, ovule in vitro culture time, plant growth regulators light were studied. The results were as follows.1.The embryo development.The embryo of Crimson seedless and Dawn seedless developed to torpedo shape at 50d after pollination and began to abort slowly. For Zi Xiang seedless, the embryo developed to torpedo shape at 45d after pollination and aborted quickly. At the same period after pollination, the embryo of Zi Xiang seedless developed early than that of Crimson seedless and Dawn seedless.2.The basic ovule medium in vitro culture.The suitable basic medium were studied for embryo development.The ovules of Zi Xiang seedless×Dawn seedless and Zi Xiang seedless×Jing Zaojing were cultured in vitro 52d after pollination on basic mediums of Nitsch and ER. Results showed that ER basic medium was better than that of Nitsch.3. The ovule in vitro culture time.The six crosses ovules were cultured in vitro in 40d to 65d after pollination. The results shows that the best culture time for Zi Xiang seedless was 55d,and for Crimson seedless was 45d.4.The conditions in vitro culture for embryo development.For embryo development, ER basic medium with the addition of 6-BA 0.5mg/L+IAA 0.5mg/L was suitable for Zi Xiang seedless×Dawn seedless, the development rate was 45.26%, ER basic medium with 6-BA 0.5mg/L was suitable for Crimson seedless×Dawn seedless, the development rate was 14.75 %.Dark condition with 1% Activated Charcoal (AC) was optimumu for Zi Xiang seedless×Crimson seedless embryo development, the rate was 44.44%. For Crimson seedless×Zi Xiang seedless the best condition was dark culture without AC, the rate was 15.52%.5.Effect of Plant growth regulators on embryo germination.For embryo germination, MS basic medium with the addition of 6-BA 0.5mg/L+IAA 0.5mg/L+ GA3 1.Omg/L was suitable for Zi Xiang seedlessx Crimson seedless and Crimson seedlessxDawn seedless,the rate was 13.33%.6.90% 6-BA 0.2mg/L+IAA 1.0mg/L+GA3 1.Omg/L was suitable for Zi Xiang seedlessxDawn seedless and Crimson seedlessxJing Zaojing, thet rate was12.90%.15.79%.6- BA 0.2mg/L+IAA 0.5mg/L+GA30.5mg/L was suitable for Zi Xiang seedlessxJing Zaojing.6-BA 0.5mg/L+IAA 1.0mg/L+GA30.5mg/L was suitable for Crimson seedlessxZi Xiang seedless,the rate was 22.22%.30.77%.6. Effect of temperature in vitro culture on embryo germinationThe ovules of Zi Xiang seedlessx Crimson seedless,Zi Xiang seedlessxDawn seedless and Zi Xiang seedlessxJing Zaojing were cultured at 7℃for 30d after 100d culture at 24℃.The result was that cultured at 7℃was better than that of 24℃for embryo germination。...