The Research Of Callus And Organ Formation On Anther Culture Of Balsam Pear

Breeding of most plants by haploid system is a new technology. The anther culture on Ya' an Balsam pear had been researched. The period of flower buds and their aspect form when their microspores were in the uninucleate phase, the best media for inducing and differentiating the anther callus had been researched. The chromosome number of the induced roots was counted. Results were as below:1,The period of flower buds in this experiment: The best period of flower buds was May to July. The time was 9～10 o'clock on cloudy day.2,The aspect form of flower buds when their microspores in the uninucleate was: The flower bud was unopened, calyx splayed a little, the color of anther was yellow to green.3,In the callus induction experiment, there were 16 groups of growth hormones, combined with three media such as MS, N₆ and B₅, two types of carbons such as 3% and 5% sugar and maltose. The best medium formation was: MS+BA 0.5mg/L+NAA 0.2 mg/L+ 2, 4-D 0.5 mg/L+KT 2.0 mg/L+ sugar 3%+ agar 0.8%.4,In the 22 anther organ differentiation inducing media, the roots only derived on the media: MS+KT 1.0mg/L+2, 4-D 0.5mg/L+ sugar 3%+ agar 0.8%. And the callus which derived the roots was white and loose.5,BA and KT were effective factors in all culture, they could make the anther callus to be proliferated when it combined with NAA.6,The chromosome number of most roots which derived from anther callus was 2n=3x=33, so most roots of the Balsam pear derived from anther callus were triploid.