| Ramie(Bochmeria nivea L. Gaud.) or "China grass" is a perenninal bast fiber plant, one of the very important export materials in China. There are about 120 specieses in the world, 32 specieses and 11 variations among of which were found in China. China is the origin of ramie and one of the earliest countries which are culturing and utilizing ramie in the world. With the improvement of request on ramie quality coming from the international market, the chief assignments of breeding scientists and scholars are improving ramie's fiber quality. Wild ramies collected from the west of Hubei were studied. Through identification with morphologic,cytology and fastness characters, the results showed that biologic characteristics and values of collecting germplasm resources were known, which would provide the theoretical supports for ramie variety improving, origin and evolution. The main results are as follows:1. The results of preliminary morpholgical identification showed that wild materials: 8 accessions are the different ecology types B. clikemioides. var. diffusa, 1 accession is B. tricuspis, 1 accession is laportea cuspidata, 2 accessions are wild relative specieses.2. New procedure of optimized chromosome flaking for ramie: the chromosome number of 8 accessions B. clikemioides. var. diffusa is 2n=28, the chromosome number of HR-02 is 2n=42, the chromosome number of HR-03-03 and HR-03-07 is 2n=28.3. The mensurations of the anatomical structure of stem indicate that, the fiber layer of wild materials is obviously thinner than cultivar's, the lowest is 0.310 mm of HR-01-08, the highest is 3.317 mm of Xiyelv.4. HR-01-02, HR-01-04 have better cold-resistant, which can be used as parents materials of cold-resistant breeding.5. In disease resistance identification of ramie anthracnose wild materials are lower susceptible, whose disease grading criterion is 11.2-17.3. HR-03-03, HR-03-07 are highly susceptible, whose disease grading criterion is 55. land 52.4. |
