Use Of Selected Probiotics As Supplement For Food To Enhance The Shrimp Culture Of White Pacific Shrimp (Litopenaeus Vannamei)

It has been proved that Probiotics applied directly to the water or added as supplement food for shrimp, could positively influence on survival and growth rate. The possible mode of actions could include: inhibition of potential pathogens by competing for nutrients and space; alterations of microbial metabolism by stimulating the host immunity and appetite, improving nutritional value by producing vitamins and enhancing enzymes to breakdown of indigestible components. However, the mode of action in vitro and in vivo of the probiotics is rarely investigated.The increased shrimp production using intensive systems has been accompanied with bacterial resistance to antibiotics. Probiotics, in this content have become an alternative use for shrimp aquaculture. In the present study, two commercial probiotics (Pediococus acidilactis and a mixture of Bacillus spp.) were supplemented to feed at three different levels, i.e. 0.5, 1.5, and 2.5 %, to assess the survival, growth and energy budget of juveniles shrimps (Litopenaeus vannamei). Though no marked alterations observed in the morphology of shrimps, significant differences (P<0.05) in survival and growth were found between treatment groups and the control at the end of 32-day feeding trial. Energy consumption in metabolism (R) increased in a dose-dependant manner for P. acidilactis, while decreased for Bacillus spp. Notably, the control showed the highest energy consumption in metabolism. The excretion and the exuviae showed significant differences between treatments and the control (P<0.05).Bacillus spp. secretes products with health benefit to the host. In order to study the influence of commercial Bacillus probiotic on the digestive enzyme activity and the growth of Litopenaeus vannamei, shrimp were treated with five percentages (1.5, 3.0, 4.5, 6.0 and 7.5) of probiotics (Bacillus spp.) supplemented to the feed and cultured for 45 days. At the end of 45 d, the growth measured as weight gain was significantly (P<0.05) higher in probiotics treated shrimps than that of the control. The digestive enzyme activity of protease and amylase in the midgut gland and the intestine were also significantly higher (P<0.05) in probiotics treated shrimps compared to the control.Immune system has developed to protect multicellular organisms from foreign substances. We examined the influence of Bacillus probiotic on immune system and the growth of Litopenaeus vannamei. Shrimp were treated with five different concentrations (1.5, 3.0, 4.5, 6.0 and 7.5 %) of probiotics (Bacillus spp.) supplemented to the feed and cultured for 45 days. The growth measured as weight gain at the end of 45 d was significantly (P<0.05) higher in probiotics treated shrimps than that of the control. Productions of haemocyte and phenoloxidase activity were proved to be stimulated by the administration of Bacillus spp.