Effect Evaluation And Water Saving Mode Research On Bank-Well Irrigation Region In Ningxia Southern Mountainous Region

The paper aimed at the actuality on severe waste of agriculture irrigation water in south mountainous area of Ninxia. For remitting supply and demand contradiction of water resources and ensuring agriculture advance in southern mountainous area even national economy sustainable development, The study on water-saving agriculture was taken in ten thousand mou irrigated area of Huluhe, Lannihe watershed and Tongxin County. Some practical water-saving irrigation technological models were presented. They are respectively fitting for well irrigation type and pit-aboideau-bank water saving type agricultural areas.1)Water saving mode on bank-aboideau-pit combined utilization in Xiji County.(1)Pingfeng countryside had sunk 62 large caliber concrete thin wall pits. One pit could control 1.5-2 mou complementary irrigated area. The bank water utilization rate reach 31% and complementary irrigated area was 102 mou. The water replenishing irrigation ration was 50-65m3/mou. It saved water 70- 90m3/mou compared with surface irrigation and water saving quantity reached 6000m3. The yield per mou of mulching film mealie reached 410-550kg. It increased 210-350kg/mou compared with rainfed mealie. Recent increased water-saving irrigation area was 102 mou,the net increased income was 16300 Yuan,the average income per mou was 160 Yuan.(2)Gaoya and Niejiahe villagers in Xingping countryside built 2 seat 200m3 volume reservoirs,4 seat 20m3 volume circulatory pools and sank 90 pits at bank-aboideau area. Altogether 200 mou pit water micro-irrigate area and 120 mou irrigable land were extended. The food supplies per capita mounted up to 536kg from prevenient 269kg and the income per capita mounted up to 1143 Yuan from prevenient 523 Yuan. They were respectively 1.5 times and 2.2 times higher. The yield per mou of mulching film mealie increased 160kg compared with the past and annual yield of clover increased 1000kg/mou.The economic benefit was very remarkable.2)The water saving mode of pit water trickle irrigation in Tongxin County.Applying electric or manual forcing trickle irrigation equipment,the yield of mealie was 6150-7350kg/hm2 in average year,4500kg/hm2 in dry year. The yield of potato was 17670-19455kg/hm2 and watermelon 28140-32670kg / hm2. 3)The supporting measures and directions of utilization of water resources in south mountainous area of Ninxia.(1)Reducing summer extending harvest time,reducing grain extending economy,agriculture, forestry and herd balanced development ,generally practising water-saving irrigation technology,increasing farmer economic income.(2)Developing ecological agriculture. According to water resources present status and other natural, social economic conditions 1-2 mou per capita was suitable for agriculture development relying on the bank-aboideau-sunk-pit combined efficient utilization for water resources. It is mainly extensive clover, mulching film mealie and herbal medicine planting. In addition extending woods fruit and greenhouse vegetable planting. Ecological agriculture got advanced.(3)Agriculture matching technologies. They mainly included drought-resistant and water-saving crop new species on dry land, micro affluxion filling and increase in yield in rainfed farm field, cover for preservation of soil moisture technology, efficient cultivation techniques and new chemic cladding material regulating and controlling farm moisture technology.