Research On The Cultivation Techniques Of High Quality And Hazard-Free Wine Grape

In this paper the cultivation techniques of high quality and pollution-free wine grape were studied. Following the introduction and comparison of wine grape cultivar, the researches on the quality formation mechanism, suitable harvest time and fruit quality improving measures of Cabernet Sauvignon were carried out. In addition, the disease and insect management techniques in the production of pollution-free wine grape were presented. The main results are as follows:1."SV6059"and Bacco can be used as an anti-downy mildew germplasm and mix color cultivar respectively at the eastern part of Hebei.2. After the fruit begin coloring, the content of soluble solid substance of Cabernet Sauvignon grape rised gradually with the picking time postponed, and it arrived a high level with 21.9%～22.5% from 12th,October to 15th, October.The content of pigment rised with sampling time and it reached the peak of 6.25 per gram at 9th, October. The content of vitamine C exhibited the low-high-low trend which showed the upend"V", and it reached the peak at 27th, September, falled gradually subsequently. The content of tannin fluctuated strongly from 21th, September to 30th, October, and rised steadly from 30th, September to 6th, October. The optimum picking period of Cabernet Sauvignon grape was the first and middle ten-day of October.3. Girdling the main vines could improve the content of soluble solid substance of berry obviously after the berry coloring. Four girdlings improved by 2.1 percent comparing to the control. Girding technology was easy, timesaving and laborsaving, and cost-effective.4. For the yield of 26250㎏ per .ha.,22500㎏ per ha.,18750㎏ per ha. and 11250㎏ per ha., the content of soluble solid substance and organic acid increased with the yield decreased. But the content of total soluble sugar and anthocyanin changed ruleless with the loading decreased. The content of free water decreased and that of bound water increased with the loading decreased. Both sprouting rate and fruiting shoot rate rised with the loading decreased. In general, low loading was good for the development and quality of grape berry.5. In Changli, there were many diseases infect wine grape in vineyard during growth period. Among of them fifteen diseases were popular. In addition, they affect the vine at the different time. Downy mildew, white rot and anthracnosis disease were the most serious diseases which should be prevented with emphases. The weather conditions were related to disease occurence closely. At definite temperature and humidity level, high temperature and high humidity encourge spore forming and dispersing. Therefore those were main factors effecting disease forming and prevailing. The disease-infection degree was different for different cultivars, anthracnosis of Cabernet Sauvignon grape showed slight, downy mildew and white rot showed serious. Anthracnosis of Merlot grape showed serious, Cabernet Franc grape was modest6. In Changli, there were 19 pests harming vine grape. The main pest were green canker worm,two-star leafhopper of grape, dorbeetle, wax cicada, acarus, hawkmoth, tiger moth, rust tick etc., among of them, green canker worm with the longest life-span was dominant and should be prevented in emphases. In addition, the first generation harmed the grapevine most seriously. Different altitude and different cultivars resulted in different harming by green canker worm, the damage of grapevine growing at the sloping location was more serious than that at the flat site.7. The cultivation techniques system for the production of high quality wine grape in Changli area was established in this paper.