Study Effects Of Different Harvest Periods On Monomer Phenolics Accumulation In Berry And Wine Of ’Beihong’ And ’Beimei’

At present,it is generally agreed that the maturity of wine grapes is one of the key factors that affect the quality of grape fruit and wine.Therefore,how to determine the harvest time of wine grapes is the most important research in the past two years.Due to the climatic characteristics of Ningxia,the varieties suitable for planting and extensive planting in this area should have the characteristics of cold resistance,disease resistance,high quality and low cost.The grape varieties of ’Beihong’ and ’Beimei’ meet the above characteristics.It can be obtained that this experiment uses different harvested ’Beihong’ and ’Beimei’ grapes as materials,and uses HPLC technology to detect the content of monomeric phenols in grapes and wine,and uses RNA-Seq to analyze the different harvesting periods.The transcriptome sequencing analysis of’Beihong’ and ’Beimei’ grape fruits and the research of wine grape and wine quality were carried out.The results of the study are as follows:(1)The quality of the ’Beihong’ grapes and wines harvested on September 30 differed significantly from those of other harvest periods.The total phenols,tannins,and total sugars of the fruit during the harvest on September 30 were higher,and the anthocyanin content in the wine was the highest.The quality of the ’Beimei’ grapes and wines harvested on October 5th were higher than those of other harvest periods,and the volatile acid content in the wine was lower,and the alcohol content was in line with national standards.When the sugar content is the same,the content of total phenols,tannins and anthocyanins in both the ’Beihong’ grape fruit and the wine is higher than that of the ’Beimei’.The content of phenolic substances in ’Beihong’ is higher than that in ’Beimei’.A total of 62 volatile aroma substances were detected in the ’Beihong’ wine and 27 aromas were detected on September 30.A total of 70 volatile aroma substances were detected in the ’Beimei’ wine and 31 aromas were detected on October 5.(2)Through transcriptome sequencing analysis,11 genes(PAL,STS,IFS,UFGT,GSTS,SHCT,C4H,DFR,F6’H,ANR,RS)were expressed on phenolic synthesis related genes in Beihong’ grape.It mainly involves four metabolic pathways(phenylalanine metabolism,flavonoid biosynthesis,glutathione metabolism,and anthocyanin biosynthesis).The gene with the highest relative expression was ANR.The relative expression levels of PAL,STS,IFS,UFGT,GSTs,SHCT,ANR and RS genes in T2 treated fruits were significantly higher than those in the control.There were 7 up-regulated genes(PAL,STS,IFS,UFGT,GSTS,SHCT,and C4H)involved in phenylalanine metabolism,flavonoid biosynthesis,glutathione metabolism,and anthocyanin biosynthesis)in Beimei’ grape,among which GSTs gene had the highest expression.The relative expression levels of PAL,STS,IFS,C4H and F3’5’H genes in fruits treated with M1 were also significantly higher than those of the control.(3)There are a total of 11 genes related to the synthesis of phenolic substances in ’Beihong’grapes(PAL,STS,IFS,UFGT,GSTs,SHCT,C4H,DFR,F6’H,ANR,RS),involving 4 metabolism The most expressed gene is ANR;the expression levels of C4H,DFR,GSTs,and F6’H genes in grape berries harvested on September 30 are higher than those in other harvesting periods;in’Beimei’ grapes,the expression of C4H,DFR,GSTs,and F6’H There are a total of 10 genes for the synthesis of similar substances,and the difference from ’Beihong’ is that it has F3’5’H gene,which also has 4 metabolic pathways,and the GSTs gene expression is the highest;’Beimei’ grapes were harvested on October 5th Except for the highest expression levels of the above two genes,the expression levels of UFGT and SHCT genes are higher than those at other harvest periods.Therefore,under the condition of this test,the most suitable harvest time of ’Beihong’is October 15,and that of ’Beimei’ is October 20.Harvesting time can be achieved by inf luencing PAL(VITVI06G0025),STS(VITVI16G00988,VITVI16G00995,VITVI16G01477,VITVI10G01596,VITVI10G01392,VITVI16G01465),TFS(VITVI18G0253),UFGT(VITVI 19G0017,VITVI16G0194),GSTs(VITVI19G0103),SHCT(VITVI09G0092),ANR(VITVI04 G0145)and RS(VITVI 16G0145)phenols quality synthetic relative expression of related ge nes,affects the phenolic acids in grape berries(gallic acid,protocatechuic acid,salicylic a cid,caffeic acid,clove acid),flavanols(gallic catechin gallic acid ester),flavonol,querceti n,quercetin,pomelo peel pigment)three kinds of free phenol substance accumulation,ulti mately affect the quality of wine.