Effects Of Comprehensive Measures On Cold Resistance Of Floral Organ From Apricot And The Tree Growth

In this study,the apricot garden of 10-years Long wang mao was used as the experiment materials.We has taken comprehensive cultural measures in the apricot garden which include spraying soil conditioner and PBO,increasing application of apricot special fertilizer,pest control,pruning during dormant period of apricot bud.Effects of comprehensive cultural measures on the cold resistance of floral organ from almond-apricot and the tree growth,soil properties of the apricot garden were studied.The main resuts were as followings:1 Comprehensive cultural measures reduced supercooling point temperature of floral organ from almond-apricot was decreased.After implementation of comprehensive cultural measures,the supercooling point temperature of petal,stamen and pistil of treatment were -5.0℃,-4.3℃and-3.9℃respectively.The supercooling point temperature reduced 0.4℃,0.2℃,0.3℃compared with control respectively.2 The activity of SOD and pOD,and the content of soluble protein and Pro about floral organ from Long wang mao of treatment and control appeared up-trend first and down-trend late on low temperature stress.The content of MDA and cell membrane permeability increased as the temperature decreased.The activity of SOD and POD and the content of soluble protein and Pro were significantly highter than control for floral organ from Long wang mao of comprehensive cultural measures used.The content of soluble protein and Pro of floral organ from Long wang mao of treatment increasing extent higher than control.The content of MDA and cell membrane permeability were significantly lower than control.3 After comprehensive cultural measures implemented,the length and coarseness of peripheral were 30.50 cm,0.52 cm respectively,they were increased 6.1 cm and 0.13 cm respectively compared with control.The chlorophyll content,net photosynthetic rate and the transpiration rate of Long wang mao which implemented comprehensive cultural measures were 25.93mg/g,14.22μmol·m^-2·s^-1,6.63 mmolH₂O m^-2·s^-1respectively,they were increased 17.38%,24.19%and 13.57%respectively compared with control.4 Comprehensive cultural measures increased the weight of flower bud,effective flower ratio and fruit set percentage significantly of longwangmao.Compared with control,the weight of flower bud was2.40g/100 of treatment,and increased 20.00%than control.The effective flower ratio and the fruit set percentage of treatment were 95.50%,11.70%respectively,they were increased 14.80%,1.29 folds than control,and the difference was extremely significant.After implementation of comprehensive cultural measures,the course of flower bud differentiation was no significant differences.5 Comprehensive cultural measures reduced freezing index frostbite rate of apricot blossom significantly of floral organ.In condition of minimum temperature was-6℃and continuous 6h,the frostbite rate of apricot blossom and freezing index of floral organ of treatment were 71.2%,87.8 respectively,they were reduced 10.4%,6.1 respectively than control.Afterfloral organ of frost-controlling reagent spraying to floral organ from Long wang mao of control,the frostbite rate of apricot blossom and freezing index were 73.8%, 89.7 respectively,they were reduced 7.8%,4.2 respectively than control.6 The comprehensive cultural measures directly affect yield and quality of apricot garden after comprehensive cultural measures implemented.Soil properties of apricot orchard were improved obviously.Compared with control,the average of soil bulk density was 1.04g.cm^3-1,reduced 20.16%than control.The average of field capacity and total porosity were 58.98%,19.21%respectively,they were increased 5.89%and 11.25% than control respectively.The content of soil organic matter,available nitrogen and available P increased in different degree.After comprehensive cultural measures implemented,the number of microorganism in soil were very significantly decreased particularly.The number of bacteria and azotobacter were significantly increased.The urinary enzyme activities in the soil was suppressed.And the activity of catalase, invertase and protease were increased.After comprehensive cultural measures sprayed,the number of fine root(≤2 mm)in 0-90 cm soil layers were 1172,had a2.01 folds than control.7 The comprehensive cultural measures directly affect yield and quality of apricot garden.the number of fine root(≤2 mm)were very significantly raised.It was beneficial to root to absorption of the water and nutrient elements.Comprehensive cultural measures improved the effective flower ratio,the fruit set percentage and photosynthesis. And it promoted tree growth.Comprehensive cultural measures improved the activity of SOD and POD,and the content of soluble protein and Pro significantly about floral organ from Long wang mao.It reduced the content of MDA and cell membrane permeability significantly,thus improved the cold resistance of the tree.