Genetic Differentiation Of GH Gene Of Bovinae Animals

Applying simple random sampling method the exon sequences (654bp) of GH gene of 18 Leiqiong bovine,19 Bayingole Mongolia bovine, 18 Bayingole Yak, 16 Dulong bovine, 18 Haizi water buffalo and 16 Nili-Ravi water buffalo from typical colony in the central area of their habitats, were analyzed by SNP (single nucleotide polymorphism,SNP) detection. Base on the homologous sequences of Bos taurus, Bos indicus, Bos grunniens,Bibos frontalis,and Bubalus bubalis,together with sequence of Bubalus bubalis and Ovis aries as the outgroup, the phylogenetic trees were constructed by NJ and MP methods, respectively. The aim was to explore variation characteristics of GH gene, and the relationships among southern and northern cattle of China, Bos grunniens and Bibos frontalis, and to provide some considerable data about the evolution characteristics on Bovidae and about the relationship between adaptive evolution and molecular evolution research.The results showed that three mutations and five different haplotypes, two mutations and four different haplotypes, two mutations and three different haplotypes were detected in Leiqiong bovine, Bayingole Mongolia bovine and Bayingole Yak, respectively.No mutation were detected in Dulong bovine, Haizi water buffalo.Totally,we found 19 mutations, 7 of which existed exon 5 of GH gene, conforming that of variation rate the fifth exon was high,recorded as 36.%.Most of mutations found in this study were synonymous mutation, only five of which induced four amino acid variations. Using the sequence of Bubalus bubalis and Ovis aries as the outgroup, the phylogenetic trees constructed by NJ and MP methods, indicated that:⑴Bos indicus, Bos taurus and Bos grunniens, had more closer relationship compared with Babalus bubalis. As to GH gene, the difference between Yak and southern, northern cattle of China was not significant.⑵GH gene differentiation happened before Bubalus bubalis differentiated from Bos indicus, Bos taurus and Bos grunniens.⑶Yak and Dulong bovine belong to two independent genus: P?ephagus and Bibos, respectively, based on analysis of body conformation and karyptype as well as former research and these results.⑷As to GH gene, Yak contributed to the lineage of Chinese native bovie and zebu after species′differentiation in the progress of evolution.