Study On Physio-ecological Traits And Yield Of Super Absorbent Polymers And Other Water-retaining Measures Combination On Winter Wheat

By adopting the winter wheat as the experimental material, using the bi-factor stochastic plot experimental design and according to the results of measuring and analyzing on the winter wheat field soil water conditions, physiological indexes and yield, we analyzed the influences of complementary irrigation and mulching on winter wheat physiological ecology traits and yield systematically in this paper, and validated a nicer affect for the technology of super absorbent polymers combined with other mulching in various water conditions theoretically. The main conclusions were made as follows:1. In each growing stage, the soil water content of complementary irrigating treatment was higher than non-irrigating treatment; mulching treatment was higher than contrast. And in the more droughty condition, the soil water content of mulching treatment was higher than contrast. In the growing anaphase the difference between mulching treatment and contrast was smaller than that of the growing prophase.2. In each growing stage, the plant height, leaves, leaf area and the upper-ground biomass were all higher than contrast. The growing condition for complementary irrigating treatment was more excellent than non-irrigating treatment. In the growing prophase, plastic film mulching, and the combination of the super absorbent polymers and plastic film mulching was better than other mulching. In the growing anaphase of the winter wheat, straw mulch and the combination of super absorbent polymers and straw mulching were better than others .And the more super absorbent polymers and straw mulching, the more obvious the effect was.3. The result of the physiology index dynamic variety showed that the leaf water content was dropping down with the grade of the water stress instead of the MDA content and comparative property of cell membrane ascended; the minimum of the Chlorophyll content, soluble protein content, Pro content, Pn, and Ci of the first leaves occurred at the jointing stage, and ascended with the growing stages. At the anthesis stage they arrived at the maximum, after then they dropped down. At the jointing stage, the content of soluble sugar arrived at the maximum, and dropped down with the growing stages; the minimum occurred at the anthesis stage, after then ascended again. At each growing stages of the winter wheat, the leaf water content, the Chlorophyll content, the soluble protein content, Pn, Ci of the complementary irrigating plots, mulching treatment and combined use were higher than non-irrigating plots, contrast and the single mulching treatment. The Pro content, the soluble sugar content, MDA content and the cell membrane comparative property were lower than contrast, non-irrigating plots, and the single mulching treatment.4. Statistic analyzing shown, complementary irrigation and mulching treatment had notable influence on the wheat yield and its factors. The influence of complementary irrigation on yield and its factors was greater than that of mulching treatment. The winter wheat yield and its factors of complementary irrigation were higher than that of non-irrigating treatment. The straw mulching and the combined use of super absorbent polymers had the highest yield, and they ascended with the usage of the super absorbent polymers and straw mulching.5. The relative analyses showed that both at the condition of complementary irrigation and non-irrigating treatment, from the jointing stage to the filling stage, the morphology characteristics had obvious positive relativity with the soil water content, chlorophyll, water content of the leaves, soluble protein content, Pn, and Ci, and had obvious negative relativity with the soluble sugar, proline, MDA and the cell membrane comparative property. The relativity of the yields and physiological index showed that at the jointing stage, the yields index had inconspicuous relativity with proline, MDA, cell membrane comparative property, and Pn. From the booting stage to the filling stage, both at the condition of complementary irrigation and non-irrigating treatment, yield and its factors had positive relations with the soil water content, the Chlorophyll content, the leaf water content, the soluble protein content, Pn, Ci, and negative relations with the soluble sugar, the Pro content, the MDA content and the cell membrane comparative property. The morphology characteristics and yields index relativity showed that at the jointing stage the grain had inconspicuous relativity with upper-ground biomass, 1000 grains weight had inconspicuous relativity with leaf area, and 1000 grains weight had inconspicuous relativity with upper-ground biomass. And other morphology characteristics had obvious relativity with the yields factors. From the booting stage to the filling stage, the morphology characteristics had obvious relativity with yields factors.6. The result of research showed: The straw mulching and the combined use of super absorbent polymers had the best yields effect, so in the similar semi-arid area, it should be popularized as a technology of keeping water and increasing yield.