Effect Of Combined Treatment Of Fertilizers And Water On Winter Wheat Yield

Application of nitrogen fertilizer is a main measurement to increase wheat production, to improve the quality of wheat, however, immoderate application of nitrogen fertilizer also resulted in a low utilization rate, environment pollution. So rational fertilization is the way to improve the nitrogen use efficiency, increase wheat yield and improve the quality of wheat. Rational fertilization is an important measure to reduce pollution. Field experiments were conducted at 2007-2008 in the Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Changping crop test site. Used winter wheat CA 0178 as materials, and used of 54 level orthogonal experimental design to study soil inorganic nitrogen content, soil moisture content and biomass in different treatments in grow stage. Analyzing the combined effect of fertilizers and water on wheat yield and nitrate in order to find the best of economic output, as well as optimal treatment of fertilizers and water. Finally, the experiment trying to build wheat fertilization model for wheat production, wheat quality, benefit, ecology and safe operation of water and fertilizer, and also for reasonable regulation of water and fertilizers in wheat production. The results show that:1 NH4 +-N in soil profiles at different growth stages rarely change. There was no significant difference of NH4 +-N content in the same soil depth in different level of nitrogen or in different sampling stage. Soil NH4 +-N has been maintained at a relatively low level (1-8mg/kg), therefore the effect of NH4 +-N can be ignored when considering the recommended nitrogen fertilization.We mainly focus on the effect of NO3--N.2 Dry weights in different levels of nitrogen fertilizers change with the growing stages as: Above-ground dry weight in jointing stage is her than the milk stage, which has something to do with the reduced tillering wheat after jointing stage. Then the dry weight reached highest level at ripening stage. With the growth of wheat, the use of nitrogen fertilizer is not higher is better, the dry weight under high nitrogen level became relatively low by the late growing stage, while the appropriate level of nitrogen (1500kg/hm2) low nitrogen level(75kg/hm2) demonstrated relatively high dry weight3 Based on the effect of water and fertilizers on wheat yield, all the five factors have impact on winter wheat yield. Organic fertilizer, nitrogen fertilizer, potash fertilizer, irrigation has a very significant difference; phosphate has a significant difference. After range analysis and variance analysis, the optimal combination of fertilizers and water is: organic fertilizer applied 12000 kg/hm2; nitrogen fertilizer applied 75 kg/hm2; phosphate fertilizer applied 75 kg/hm2; potash applied 150 kg/hm2; Irrigation 3000 kg/hm2, that is, A4B1C1D2E4. Regression analysis shows that: the optimal combination of fertilizers and water is: organic fertilizer applied 12000 kg/hm2; nitrogen fertilizer applied 75 kg/hm2; phosphate fertilizer applied 300 kg/hm2; potash applied 150 kg/hm2; Irrigation 3000 kg/hm2, that is, A4B1C4D2E4. 4 Nitrate accumulation in the target as a reference, the nitrogen application is the deciding factor. Nitrate in the 0-100cm soil accumulated to the lowest level of N1, with a gradual increase in the amount of nitrogen application. Treatment 5 (A2B1C2D3E4) is optimal combination of fertilizers and water.5 In addition, integrated consideration of nitrate accumulation and yield, treatment 14 (A4B2C3D1E4) and 13 (A4B1C4D2E3) are relatively low nitrate content and higher production. Treatment 14 is similar to the results of range analysis and variance analysis, and treatment 13 (A4B1C4D2E3) is is similar to the results of regression analysis, both of them can be considered as the best combinations.