Study On Pest Of Edible Fungi And Their Integrated Control Techniques

The article took the common edible fungi as the research object around Yangling and near areas, comprehensively investigated pest species in the production, found out their occurrence, characteristics and extents of major pests. We chosen 8 kinds of pesticides (FipronilA,vermectinsL,ambda-cyhalothrin,Beta-cyfluthrin,Phoxim,Methane,Nbspchlorpyrifs, Imidacloprid) to determine the control efficiency of the major pests of Diptera, the effect of mycelium growth and fruiting body development, and pesticide residue in different times. At the same time, we discussed integrated control techniques of edible fungi production and provided a theoretical and practical basis, the results were summarized as below:1.The systematical investigation discovered 32 pest species, respectively belonged to 11 orders and 28 families. We found that Scatopse sp., Bradysia minpleuroti Yang et , Megaselia sp., Hypogastrura communis Folsom, Tyrophgus putrescentiae(Schrank), Aphelechoides Composticola Fronklin are the major species.2. 8 kinds of pesticides all had inhibition on mycelium growth of Pleurotus ostreatus, Lentinula edodes, Auricularia auricula, Coprinus comatusare, nature and concentration of pesticides determined the inhibition rate size. Phoxim was the strongest to 4 kinds of mycelium, each concentration all reached as high as above 55 %. Other treatments all under 50%, the minimum was less than 10%.3. Pesticides had an impact on growth and development of mushroom fruiting body, which included Phoxim 1000, 2000 times, Methane 1000 times, Nbspchlorpyrifos 1000, 1500 times and Imidacloprid 1000 times, so caused different levels of deformity. And the other treatments had no adverse influence.4. Phoxim was the highest control efficiency to Diptera larvae in the 8 kinds of pesticides, every concentration all reached 100%. Fipronil 500 times, Beta-cyfluthrin 1000, 1500 times, Omethoate 1000, 1500 times, Avermectins 1000, 1500 times, Nbspchlorpyrifos 1000 times, Imidacloprid 1000 times were more than 80%; other treatments all below 80%.5. In the control experiments of adult, Phoxim 2000 times had the best control efficiency, Avermectins1500 times next to. In the 3rd days after spraying, each treatment control efficiency reach the maximum; After the 5^th days, all decreased and no significance difference.6. Pesticide residues of Beta-cyfluthrin, Lambda-cyhalothrin, Nbspchlorpyrifos, Omethoate conformed to international standards in the 5th days. Residues standards of the other pesticides have no regulations especially, but according to determination result of shaanxi entry-exit inspection and quarantine bureau, Phoxim and Avermectins were not detected.