| Chromium(III) picolinate, Cr(pic)3, has become a very popular nutritional supplement and feeding additive, but the safety of it is discussed. The effects of 53Cr(pic)3 injected in the vein on piglet cell DNA and oxidation were investigated. This study included two parts.1. The synthesis and analysis of 53Cr(pic)3.2g 53CrCl3 (chromic chloride) was prepared by dissolving 0.4g 53Cr in 2.4mL HCl, the solution temperature was from 85℃to 90℃.Then the 53Cr(pic)3 complex was prepared by dissolving 2g 53CrCl3 in absolute alcohol firstly. When added 3.23g picolinic acid at 80℃, the solution was stirred. 1.2g red solid precipitation was formed. 1g solids recovered after purification by being washed with DMF and deionized water, and air-dried prior to assay. To insure that solid complex recovered and ultimately assayed was homogeneous, it was assayed by IR, LC-MS and ICP-MS. The results showed that the complex was 53Cr(pic)3, the percentage of 53Cr(pic)3 was 98.56%, and the percentage of 53Cr was 97.86%.2. The effects of 53Cr(pic)3 injected in the vein on piglet cell DNA and oxidation.Thirty 15±1kg body weight male crossbred (D×L×Y) piglets were divided into five treatments with six replication each treatment,each was raised in one cage. In the 14 days experimental period, piglets in each treatment were respectively injected with 0,8μg Cr/d(appropriate amount),200μg Cr/d(25-fold),400μg Cr/d(50-fold),800μg Cr /d(100-fold) (adding in the form of CrPic) at 8:00-10:00 every morning.The content of chromic in tissue, comet figure, antioxidant enzymes activity, lipid peroxides and the level of 8-OHdG in urine were measured.The results were as following,(1)The content of chromium in liver, kidney and longssimus muscle was increased linearly by increasing CrPic. Compared to control, the concentration of chromium was markedly higher being injected more than 200μg Cr (CrPic()P<0.05). (2)in comparison with control,no significance was discerned in comet figure, except the tail length of 8μg and 200μg group decreased significantly (P<0.05).The value of comet figure increased from 8μg group by increasing, compared to 8μg group, the value of comet figure in 400μg and 800μg group increased significantly (P<0.05). (3)In comparison with control,the level of MDA in serum, liver and kidney did not increase significantly(P>0.05).The antioxidant enzymes activity had no significant differences ,except the decrease of SOD activity in serum and CAT activity in kidney. But the MDA level increased in kidney by increasing CrPic, compared to 8μg group, the MDA content in 800μg group markedly increased (P<0.05). (4)About the level of 8-OHdG in urine , no significance was detected among all groups (P>0.05).In conclusion, chromium picolinate accumulate markedly in liver, kidney and longssimus muscle of piglet, increases in tissue Cr are greatest for the kidney, followed by the liver, and the longssimus muscle. Concentrations of Cr have obvious effects on DNA integrity of piglet hepatocytes and lipid peroxidation in kidney. Chromium picolinate below 800μg Cr /d injected in vein for 14 day, does not induce DNA oxidation and lipid peroxidation in liver .
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