Comparative Study On The Morphological Characters, Anatomical Construction And Active Components Of Abrus Cantoneinsis And Abrus Mollis

This paper used the two genuine medicinal plants in Guangxi,i.e.Abrus cantoneinsis and Abrus mollis,as experimental materials to research their differences of the morphological characteristics,the organizational structure and ingredients in various growth periods,the research results might help to differentiate correctly,set up their standardized cultivation,carry out quality control of herbal medicine and clinical application of Abrus mollis and Abrus cantoneinsis.The main results were as follows:1.Abrus cantoneinsis and Abrus mollis had obvious differences in the morphologic characteristics in which they were plant height,stem width, compound leaves length,leaflet amount of per compound leaf,leaflet shape, epidermis villi,pod and seed amount of per pod.2.The organizational structures of the two herbs had also significant differences,which mainly showed on phloem,xylem,vessel,wood fibre, wood ray,palisade tissue and spongy tissue.In their root organization structures,the vascular cylinder composed of parenchyma cells of Abrus cantoneinsis in seedling stage while the vascular cylinder composed of primary xylem of Abrus mollis.the phloem and xylem vessel of Abrus mollis were wider than that in Abrus cantoniensis,and the wood ray of Abrus cantoniensis were more than that of Abrus mollis in other growth stages.In their stem organization structures,the bast fiber,xylem-ray and canula of Abrus mollis were more.In their leaf anatomic structures,Abrus cantoniensis had fewer and shorter leaf epidermis villi,two layers of palisade tissue and the loose arrangement in its spongy tissue.but Abrus mollis had more and longer leaf epidermis villi,one layer of palisade tissue,and the spongy tissue arranged tightly.3.The content of active components were significantly different between annual Abrus cantoniensis and Abrus mollis.the content of total saponins and total flavones in root and stem of Abrus cantoniensis were higher than that in Abrus mollis,but in the leaf it was lower.the polysaccharide content in whole plant of Abrus mollis were higher than that in Abrus cantoniensis.4.The content of active components in various plant parts was significantly different between Abrus cantoniensis and Abrus mollis the two herbs.Total saponins content in Abrus cantoniensis had the trend as:root> stem>leaf,and that in Abrus mollis had another trend as:leaf>stem> root.In these two herbs,Total flavones content had the same trend as:leaf> stem> root.Polysaccharide content in Abrus cantoniensis had the trend as: leaf>stem>root,while in Abrus mollis it had the trend as:leaf> root> stem. The content of water-soluble extracts and alcohol-soluble extracts in two Chinese herbs had the similar trend as:leaf>root>stem.