Study On Hybrid Incompatibility And Germplasm Innovation Of Long Stamen Wild Rice And Cultivated Rice

Long stamen wild rice is immune to bacterial blight, at the same time , which has the characters of cold resistance and tolerance, drought resistance and perennial root, and it is one kind of significant germplasm resources. Although the long stamen wild rice and the cultivation rice are the same AA genomes, but the long anther wild rice genome has been split up A¹A¹, the hybrid between them is the distant hybridization, it is easy to cause cross-incompatibility and embryo dysplasia.This research uses fluorescence micro technology and the paraffin sections technology, and conducts the research to compatibility of the long stamen wild rice and the cultivation rice the ovary development, and simultaneously carries on the observation to filial generation character of the long stamen wild rice.The main results were summarized as follows:1 The long stamen wild rice hybrid with the fluorescence microscope, pollen tube's growth, and have carried on the discussion to compatibility of the long stamen wild rice. The pollen can sprout normally when long stamen wild rice inbred, but the pollen tube growed abnormally, only minority can arrive at the micropyle; The pollen of the long stamen wild rice can germinate on the stigma of cultivated rice When outcrossing, grow and complete the fertilization, while the situation of pollen of cultivated rice on long stamen wild rice was similar with inbred of long stamen wild rice. So we speculated that the compatibility of the long stamen wild rice was influenced by stigma.2 Bridization of the cultivaed rice and the long stamen wild rice can form the certain amount of hybrid ovary which grows to expand, but the ovary develops to some extend and starts to the premature death gradually, and didn't harvest to mature hybrid seeds.3 We observed the situation of ovary development after pollination by using technology of the paraffin section. The hybridization of cultivated rice and the long stamen wild rice can complete the fertilization, but endosperm began to 8-13 days after pollination, the embryo cannot obtain the enough nutrition, so it was easy to deactivated, therefore the optimal time of the embryo rescue should be about 10 days after pollination.4 Long stamen wild's characters of large stigma, rhizome and cold resistance had some expression in the descendants, F₁ exsertion rate of the stigma both sides reached 100%, the characters of big anthers and multi-pollen can pass to the descendants steadily, but they had the big separation in effective panicle, ear length and grain number per spike, and explained that the heterozygosity of long stamen wild rice was great.