Distant Hybridization In Lily And Hybrids Identification

Lily is one of the five world’s fresh cut flower species. However, the commercial cultivation history of Ornamental Lilium is still short in China. At present, the majority of lily bulbs for fresh cut flower in China are imported from Holland and other nations. Nevertheless, many commercial species abroad are not accustomed to the high temperature and humidity climate in summer in China, excepted few places like Kunming in Yunnan Province, the climate is delightful all year. And it limited the development of Lily cut flowers industry seriously. However, there are rich in wild species of Lilium with ideal traits to adapt hot weather in summer and to resistant bulb rot disease, which caused by Fusarium oxysporum. One of the most attractive works in lily breeding is introgressive hybridization, to transfer hot and disease resistant genes in Chinese wild lily species, to improve the resistance of the commercial lily species.In this research, two crosses of distant hybridization(Lilium’Constanta’, Oriental lily hybrid)×(Lilium regale Wilson) and(Lilium’Sorbonne’)×(Lilium sargentiae Wilson) have been made, to develop new germplasm resisting high temperature in summer and resistance to bulb rot disease. The main results are as following:1. The pollen germination capacity of Lilium regale Wilson and Lilium sargentiae Wilson both reached to90%, and appropriated for hybridization experiments. There were significant differences under four storage conditions, room temperature,4℃,-20℃, and-75℃, on pollen viability. It was indicated that the proper storage temperature for lily pollen is under-20℃condition.2. In order to overcome the crossing barriers of lily distant hybridization, three kinds of pollination method, including stigma pollination, cut-style pollination, and cut-style pollination with smear stigma fluid were carried out. The results were shown that the fruit setting rate of stigma pollination is the highest (at85%), while the fruit setting rate of cut-style pollination and cut-style pollination with smear stigma fluid was33%and39%, respectively. Moreover, it could be also inferred that the crossing barriers occurred after fecundation in this two combinations.3. Embryo rescue culture was carried out to overcome the barriers after fecundation. Ovaries were collected at20d,30d,40d,50d and60d after pollination, and fostered by three measures, ovary slice culture, ovule culture and embryo sac culture. Ovaries were cut into slices with0.3cm thick after sterilized, cultured on five kinds of medium based on MS medium. The slice culture method with40d ovary after pollination, under dark cultural condition, was the best treatment.4. The rescued plants were checked by13sequence-related amplified polymorphism (SRAP) markers, which selected from56primers randomly, Mel/Eml, Me4/Em10, Me2/Em1, Me1/Em5, Mel/Em6, Me2/Em3, Me1/Em8, Me4/Em4, Me1/Em9, Me3/Em8, Me2/Em2, Me1/Em3, and Me1/Em4. The rescued plants have the typical parents or hybridized molecular bands. The result was shown that the seven rescued lines are hybrids.