The Effect Of Temperature On The Development Of Honeybee's Sealed Brood

The external environment factors play an important role in the development process of honeybee,such as temperature,humidity,light and so on.And temperature is one of the most important factors.In order to clarify the impact of temperature on the sealed broods' development of honeybee,we placed worker's sealed brood of Apis cerana cerane Fabricius and Apis mellifera ligustica Spinola in incubators,which held constant different temperatures,and treated them at 24℃for certain hours.The sealed brood's mortality and deformity rate,tongue length,right forewing's area,3+4 notum length,developmental period and primary weight were measured.The results were as follows:(1)Worker's sealed broods of Apis cerana cerana and Apis mellifera ligustica were incubated at temperature from 28℃to 39℃.The preferendum development temperature zone was 32℃～36℃,the optimum temperature was 35℃.At lower temperature 31℃or higher temperature 37℃,more than 50%of sealed broods would result in morphological deficits or death.And the development temperature zones were both from 31℃to 36℃for drone's sealed broods of Apis cerana cerana and Apis mellifera ligustica.(2)The developmental periods of worker's sealed broods were shortened with temperature increasing from 29℃to 38℃.The morphological parameters in A.m. ligustica worker's sealed broods were largest at 35℃.Temperature deviating from the optimal temperature(35.℃),all morphological parameters had a significantly decreasing trend.Temperature had no significant effect on morphological parameters in A.c.cerana worker's broods except tongue length.(3)The worker's 0,3,6,9-day-old sealed broods of A.c.cerana and A.m. ligustica were treated at 24℃for 8～72 h and 8～168 h respectively,and then incubated at 35℃until emergence.Their mortality rates rose along with the time increase.In addition,these treatments prolonged developmental period,decreased primary weight and morphological parameters.(4)The drone's 3,6,9-day-old sealed broods of A.c.cerana and A.m.ligustica were treated at 24℃for 8～96 h,and then incubated at 35℃until emergence.Their mortality rate rose along with the time increase.In addition,these treatments prolonged developmental period,increased primary weight.