Effects Of Different Additives On Quality Of Napier Grass And Water Hyacinth Silage

Utilization of green forage is an effective approach in reviving of grain consumption between human beings and animal in China and also in ensuring of sustainable development of animal husbandry.It can be cause nutriment loosing if making silage directly in normal way,and may be even cause corrupt and quality change.To take full advantage of southern green forage resource and improve feeding value,the effect of different additives on silage quality was studied.Different silage materials were chosen in this research including napier grass(NG) and water hyacinth(WH).Experiment 1.The study was conducted to investigate the fermentation quality and chemical composition of NG silage prepared with different additives.Three kinds of NG with different moisture content(68.3%,70.0% and 79.9%respectively)were made silages at normal temperature for 50 days.Each NG silage was prepared in experimental glass containers to create seven treatments:control(CON);0.1%previously fermented juices (PFJ-1);0.2%previously fermented juices(PFJ-2);0.00005%cellulase(CEL-1);0.0001%cellulase(CEL-2); 0.1%previously fermented juices+0.00005%cellulase(MIX-1);0.2%previously fermented juices+0.0001% cellulase(MIX-2).The results were as follows:(1)For NG silage with different moisture content,PFJ supplementation enhanced dry matter reclaim(DMR)and crude protein(CP)while reduced the pH value and Ammonia nitrogen(NH₃-N)significantly(P＜0.01,P＜0.05);MIX application enhanced water soluble carbohydrate(WSC)and CP for NG silage with 70.0%or 79.9%moisture content,DMR and CP for NG silage with 68.3%or 79.9%moisture content while reduced the pH value and NH₃-N for NG silage with 68.3%or 79.9%moisture content,the pH value for 70.0%NG silage,neutral detergent fiber(NDF)and acid detergent fiber (ADF)for 68.3%NG silage significantly(P＜0.01,P＜0.05);For 79.9%NG silage,CEL application significantly reduced NH₃-N while increased WSC(P＜0.01,P＜0.05).(2)The silage of NG with CON,PFJ and MIX at 68.3% or 70.0%moisture content had better effect on improving DMR than 79.9%NG silage,and the pH value were reduced significantly for NG silage with 68.3%or 79.9%moisture content(P＜0.01,P＜0.05);The treatments of CON and MIX on NG silage with 68.3%or 70.0%moisture content silage could increased WSC remarkably and the same trend was observed in CP for NG silage with addition of FGJ-1,CEL-1 and MIX(P＜0.01,P＜0.05).In summary,the treatment of reducing the moisture content as soon as adding PFJ to the NG properly can make quality NG silages.Experiment 2.The experiments selected WH with different moisture content(39.6%,70.6%respectively)as materials.The effects on the silage quality of the material through adding different additives:previously fermented juices(PFJ);cellulase(CEL);previously fermented juices+cellulase(MIX)were studied.It suggested that:For the silage of WH with 70.6%moisture content,addition of PFJ and MIX extremely declined the pH value,NH₃-N and gas loss rate(GL)(P＜0.01),and the reverse trend was observed in DMR of silage with MIX addition(P＜0.05).For the silage of WH with 39.6%moisture content,NH₃-N and GL were reduced significantly, and the reverse trend was observed in DMR with the treatments of PFJ and MIX(P＜0.01,P＜0.05).MIX application extremely increased DMR of silage(P＜0.01).Addition of CEL could increase the WSC reserved quantity effectively under all different moistures(P＜0.01,P＜0.05).With the treatment of reducing the moisture content,application of all the additives extremely increased WSC,and application of CON,PFJ and CEL extremely decreased GL(P＜0.01).Results showed that:For WH silage with different moisture content,addition of PFJ and MIX can extremely improve the fermentation quality,and CEL application can increase the WSC reserved quantity effectively;Increasing WSC reserved quantity and decreasing GL could be actualize by reducing the moisture content of the silage.Experiment 3.This experiment was about the effects of different additives as WH previously fermented juices(PFJ-1),NG previously fermented juices(PFJ-2),sucrose(SUC),formic acid(FA),foraform(FOR),WH previously fermented juices+sucrose(MIX-1),NG previously fermented juices+sucrose(MIX-2)on the quality of WH with 65.5%moisture content silage.It suggested that:Application of all the additives significantly reduced the pH value,NH₃-N and NDF of silage(P＜0.01,P＜0.05);All the additives except FOR,PFJ-2 supplementation enhanced DMR while reduced moisture content and ADF significantly(P＜0.01,P＜0.05);And GL were reduced significantly with all the additives except SUC(P＜0.01);Besides,all the additives except PFJ significantly increased WSC(P＜0.01).Results showed that all of the seven additives could improve the quality of WH silages, and the group of MIX addition achieved the best results.