| We studied explants which came from mature Zygotic embryos of Picea mongolica were induced into Somatic embryogenesis, also systematically studied all kinds of related influences and characteristic of physiology and biochemistry in the process of Somatic embryogenesis of Picea mongolica. The change of microstructure and histology of Somatic embryogenesis process were observed by paraffin section, and the effect of plant hormone on Somatic embryogenesis was researched. Through measuring SOD activity and daily growth rate of callus weight in order to pick the best medium and the proportion of hormone concentration, we finally assured the best Somatic embryogenesis system. So as to provide the furthermore theoretical basis for understanding regularity of Tissue Culture and Embryogenesis of Picea mongolica and establishing highly-efficient and regenerative system of Tissue Culture of Picea mongolica. The results were followed:1 The inductivity of the SH medium was obviously higher than the LM medium's in the process of callus induction.2 The best proportion of medium of callus induction of Picea mongolica are: SH+2,4-D 0.1㎎·L-1+6-BA 0.1㎎·L-1.3 The best proportion of medium of callus proliferation of Picea mongolica are: SH+2,4-D 1.5㎎·L-1+6-BA 0.5㎎·L-1+ Glutaminase 400㎎·L-1.4 SOD activity was raised in the process of The proliferated callus, that leaded to speede up metabolism and increase growth vigor of callus. Therefore, we can identify growth rate of callus of Picea mongolica by the index.5 By comparative experiment among seven differentiation medium such as SH, MS, 1/2MS, DCR, B5, LS and Z, we found the best differentiation medium of callus of Picea mongolica was LS medium.6 The best proportion of medium of callus differentiation of Picea mongolica was: LS+ABA 5.0mg·L-1+PEG4000 50.0 g·L-1+Glutaminase 400mg·L-1+arginine 50mg·L-1.7 By studying the microstructure of Somatic embryogenesis process of Picea mongolica, we observed that somatic embryos of Picea mongolica were initiated from single cell of embryogenic callus. The process of mature Somatic embryos could be divided into four periods, which are globular embryoid period, heart-shaped embryoid period, torpedo-shaped embryoid period and cotyledonary embryoid. |
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