Cytology And Fertility Of Hemerocallis In Sichuan Province

Hemerocallis(Liliaceae) comprises about 14 species,mainly distributed in Eastern Asia, with some species extending to Siberia.11 species were recorded in Flora of China, distributing in all areas in china.In this study,the karyotypes,hybridization,pollen viability on H.fulva,H.fulva var.kwanso,H.citrina and H.plicata(3 species and 1 variety,11 populations) were investigated.It provides data for Evaluation,protection and utilization of Hemerocallis.Chromosome number of 3 species and 1 variety(11 populations)were counted and their karyotypes were observed.The basic chromosome number in this genus was 11,and the type of their karyotypes are 2B.The karyotype formulae for seven populations of H.fulva were shown as follows:Qingcheng mountain population,2n=33=3x=18m+15sm;Wolong population,2n=33=3x=15m+12sm+6st;Suining population,2n=33=3x=15m+12sm+6st;Jinfu mountain of Chongqing population,2n=33=3x=21m+12;Baoxing population, 2n=33=3x=21m+12;Maerkang population,2n=33=3x=15m+9sm+6st+3t;Dujiangyan population,2n=44=4x= 32m+12sm.The karyotype formulae for H.fulva var.kwanso were reported as follows:Emei population,2n=33=3x=18m+9sm+6st;Kangding population, 2n=33=3x=15m+15sm+3st.The karyotype formula of H.citrina was 2n=22=2x=18m+15sm and the karyotype formula of H.plicata was 2n=22=2x=10m+10sm+2st.To some degree, variation existed in different origins.Chromosome pairing behaviors in triploid H.fulva and H.fulva var.kwanso were investigated.Trivalent rates predominated in each cell,and a few univalent and bivalent were observed.In karyotype analysis,3 parallel chromosomes could be arranged in row.So we consider that the three sets of chromosomes in triploid H.fulva was homologous.Pollen viability of 3 species and 1 variety(11 populations) were examined.The results showed that the average pollen stainability of H.fulva was 39.98%.The pollen viability of tetraploid species were higher than that of triploid species.The average pollen stainability of H.fulva var.kwanso was 44.78%.67.27%,72.2%were recorded on pollen stainability of H. citrina and H.plicata respectively.Hybridizations among the materials studied were carried out.As to hybrid seed set,seed setting rate was 0 from the cross among triploid species and H.fulva var.kwanso.Dujiangyan population as male parents were crossed with Qingcheng mountain population and Baoxing population,in which the seed sets were 25%and 20%.H.citrina as male parents were crossed with Qingcheng mountain population,Wolong population and Baoxing population,in which the seed sets were 87.5%,80%and 40%.Similarly,the seed sets were 80%,80%and 60%when H.plicata was the male parent.Besides,no fruit was gotten from the cross between tetraploid species and triploid species or H.fulva var.kwanso.In the two interspecific hybridizations among tetraploid species×H.citrina and tetraploid species×H.plicata,the seed sets were 62.5%and 75%.In general,fruit can be obtained by the cross combination with higher vitality.Being female parent,the seed sets were much larger.