Study On Nutrition Characteristics Of Nitrogen, Phosphorus And Potassium Of Achyranthes Bidentata And Effect Of Fertilization On Yield And Quality

Effect of metal elements such as dry matter accumulation,pattern of requirement of fertilizer, absorption,accumulation and transportation,growth and development and quality of Achyranthes bidentata by fertilization were studied by means of laboratory analysis and field experiments, thus providing theoretical basis for the institution with GAP requirements in the cultivation of Achyranthes bidentata.Main conclusions are as follows:1.Under the natural fertilization,the growth stage changes of Achyranthes bidentata in Jiaozuo area had preliminarily been understanded, the relationship between aboveground and root demonstrated the character of mutual improvement.As the dry matter of above-ground increased rapidly,dry weight of root also increased corresponding in stage of divarication.After entering reproduction growth stage,a lot of dry matter transferred to propagation organs. The results showed that dry matter was in accordance with "S" curve in growth period. The result showed that,The contention order of N, P, K in various organs of Achyranthes bidentata was K>N>P with the higher in the seedling stages. The difference among climate,soil fertility and yield had greater effect on uptake of nitrogen,phosphorus,potassium.The absorption rates of the three nutrients by Achyranthes Bidentata showed double-peak curves in the whole growth period, with the maximum rates of them appeared in the middle ten days of October. About 8.59kg of N, 1.36kg of P and 7.40kg of K were needed to produce each 100kg of Achyranthes bidentata.2. The results from nitrogen ,phosphorus and potassium test indicated that the accumulation of three nutrients by Achyranthes Bidentata showd the"S" curve during the whole growth period. The accumulation nitrogen,phosphorous and potassium of above-ground reached peak in the sliver stage,after beginning decreased.But in the root's sustainable increased from seedling stage to sliver stage when reched peak in the harvesting.The total accumulation of plant nitrogen,phosphorous had been increased,but the total accumulation of plant potassium began to decrease.As a result of the content of potassium in root had linear decrease in the sliver stage, the content of potassium in above-ground also decreased in harvest time,The total accumulation of plant potassium was negative.3. R value analysis of N, P, and K on polysaccharides and yield indicated that application quality N and P had the biggest and smallest effect on the content of polysaccharides and yield .But miture application of N, P and K ,just as N of 25～459 kg, P₂O₅ of 75～150 kg, K₂O150～300 kg each unit of ha ,had the optimal effect on content of polysaccharides remarkably enhanced content of polysaccharides and yield in the root of Achyranthes bidentata .The effect of application quantity of N, P, and K on content oleanolic acid in the root of Achyranthes bidentata decreased in the order of K>P>N.4. According to regression simulation,we established regression equations about relation of N,P and K with root grain and economical profit,meanwhile forecasted the optimum fertilizer design in theory.That was showed as follow:(1)The highest grain yield(5037 kg·hm^-2) was N 261.42 kg·hm^-2,P₂O₅ 96.009 kg·hm^-2,K₂O 220.009kg·hm^-2;(2)The highest economical profi(t31969.99元·hm^-2)was N 247.5 kg·hm^-2,P₂O₅ 90.54 kg·hm^-2,K₂O 161.818kg·hm^-2。...