Effect Of Combined Application Of N,P,K In Different Level On The Yield And Quality Of Oats

Hull oats Baiyan 7 were used to investigate the effect of different NP,NK,PKcombinations on growth features of oats ,yield and its components of oat seed and the main nuitrient contentof seed as well .The main results are as follows:Effect of fertilizer application on the growth and development of oatsThe experiment of N/P fertilizer combination showed N and P fertilizer both had significant effects on viable tillers, leaf area, thousand-seed-weight, ear-seed-weight, ear number, ear grain number(p<0.05). The leaf area, stalk diameter, ear length, thousand-seed weight of hull oats with N75P105 reached to the highest of 34.09cm2,0.413cm,25.2cm and 29.27g/1000grains, while ear-seed weight reached to the highest of 1.76g/ear.The experiment of N/K fertilizer combination showed N and K fertilizer effected the viable tiller numbers, leaf area, stalk diameter, ear length, ear number, ear-seed number, ear-seed weight, thousand-seed weight of oats observably(p<0.05). These traits of hull oats reached to the highest of 3.27 /plant,31.03cm2,0.362cm,25.30cm,59.1million/hm2 ,36.33grains/ear,1.79 g/ear,28.57g/1000seeds under N75K105 combination.The experiment of P/K fertilizer combination showed P and K fertilizer had remarkable effects on the viable tiller number, leaf area, stalk diameter, ear length, ear-seed number, thousand-seed weight(p<0.05). The viable tiller number, leaf area, stalk diameter, ear length, ear-seed number and thousand of hull oats with P105K105 reached to the highest of 3.17 /plant,32.27cm2,0.417cm,26.41cm,37.94grains/ear and 29.63g/1000seeds, while ear-seed weight and ear number with P138K105 reached to the highest of 1.79 g/ear and 60.3million/hm2 . Benefit effect of fertilizer application on oatsIn N/P combination trial, the seed yield and hay yield of hull oats had significant response to N and P(P<0.05). Seed yield and grass yield of naked oats reached to the highest of 5190kg/hm2 and 10300 kg/hm2 under N75P105 and N75P138 respectively.The relationship between seed yield(Ys (kg/hm2)), grass yield( Yg (kg/hm2)) and N(pure N, kg/hm2), P (P2O5,kg/hm2) are expressed with regression equations: Ys=4443.969+5.053P+0.334N+15.006NP(R2=0.768***); Yg =7813.494+11.987N+7.302P-12.706NP(R2=0.751***) In N/K combination trial, N and K fertilizer significantly effected the seed yield and grass yield of oats (P<0.05). The seed yield and grass yield of hull oats reached to the highest of 5 115kg/hm2 and 9 860kg/hm2 under N75K105 fertilizer application. The effects of N (pure N, kg/hm2) and K (K2O,kg/hm2) on the seed yield(Ys(kg/hm2)) and grass yield (Yg(kg/hm2)) of oats could be evaluated with the regression equations: Ys =4209.120+6.641 N +0.504K+2.512NK(R2=0.862***) Yg =8115.269+8.624N+4.570K-5.000NK(R2=0.838***)In P/K combination trial, P and Kplayed a great role in affecting seed yield of oats(p<0.05). The seed yield of hull oat reached to the highest of 6 050kg/hm2 under P105K105 while the grass yield 13100 kg/hm2 under P105K135. The effects of N (pure N, kg/hm2) and K (K2O,kg/hm2) on the seed yield(Ys(kg/hm2)) and grass yield (Yg(kg/hm2)) of oats could be evaluated with the regression equations: Ys =4358.739+3.810 P+6.655K-11.785PK(R2=0.642***) Yg =7810.290+15.286P+16.939K+36.866PK(R2=0.786***)Profit analysis on oatsThe optimum fertilizer application amount for the most economical and the most profit were determined by calculating output/input. For hull oats the super profit of 9125.4yuan/hm2, 8701yuan/hm2 and 9592yuan/hm2 were reached under N75P108, N75K100 and K105P105. Accordingly, the feasible pure N,P,K application amount for hull oats are 75 kg/hm2 N and 105 kg/hm2 P respectively plus 105 kg/hm2 Kfor hull oats in eastern part of Qinghai province. Effect of fertilizer application on nutrient components of herbage, seed and soil on oats In the N/P combination trial, seed CP and CF contents of hull oats reached to the highest of 14.26% and 7.07% under N75P65 and N100P138. In the N/K combination trial, the CP and CF of oat seed reached to the highest of 13.26% and 6.87% respectively under N100K135 and N75K135. In the P/K combination trial, the CP and CF of oat seed reached to the highest of 12.63% and 6.73% respectively under K105P105 and K135P65.