Experimental Research On Machine-Harvested Seed Cotton' Pre-Processing And Cleaning Flow In Xinjiang Production And Construction Corps

Cotton is the important material for strategy and raw materials for industry in our country, it has the essential status in national economy.As the biggest base of production and exportation of high quaity cotton,the yield of cotton in Xinjiang always comes out top.While The Corps which is the crucial component of the base of cotton in Xinjiang takes the total responsibility of producing up to 40%cotton.The science and technology of cotton production in Corps has been leader in Xinjiang as well as in nation.The process of tilling,seeding,fertilizing,plant protecting,irrigating and so on have been basically mechanized operations. However,the harvester of cotton-picking is less-mechanized and most areas are still depending on hand operation except a few experimental institutions.With the increases of the size of the cotton field and the growth of yield,the demand for workers increases,the harvest term concentrates,the cotton-picking labors become shortage and the cost rises year by year,the situation of the cost of cotton production becomes more and more intensified.In 2008,the average cost of picking one kilogram cotton is 1.3 yuan,while it rises to 2 yuan later,therefore the picking cost has occupied 25%in all interests of cotton.As result of low interests,the farmers are lack of activity and steady in planting cotton.Although it is,lots of cotton is still being left in some areas in Corps for lacking of timely picking.Meanwhile,A large number of migrant workers enter Xinjiang which bring about many social problems,such as transportation,education,health care and public order.The problem of difficult picking hinders the development of cotton industry and large-scale operation in Corps seriously,so cotton production urgently demands to get rid of the interdependence relationship of labor and improve the cotton picking mechanized.The ratio of impurity and moisture in cotton which picked by machine is higher hand picking,it is difficult to store and produce later.So there must be a cotton cleaning equipment that is the only way to produce high-quality cotton.The model of cotton planting in Xinjiang uses plastic membrane,when the cotton harvesters begin to work,it is more likely to harvest some plastic membrane.As the result,it is difficult to remove it from cotton that causes bad result.According the current situation in Corps,most areas are still adapting man-picking cotton and don't possess the ability of machina-picking except the experimental area. According to the survey:There is a new cotton processing machine production line will be built in Corps,including workshops need 1500 to 2000 million funds.Much input and longer payback which make factories and enterprises difficult to bear.However,less man-picking lead to the former manuproduction lines become surplus and idle.In response to these problems,to begin a research on pre-cleaning process and to develop an new and high efficient equipment of drying,puring,cleaning and removing plastic in order to cotrol the moisture of cotton reasonably and to realise the safety store,cleaning plastic and impurity,simplifying the current cleaning-up processing,reducing the investment in equipment and transforming the original hand-processing of cotton production lines.Finally,to realise the purpose of machine-picking.The study begins with cotton drying and cleaning,after analysing the cleaning process and the principle of cleaning machine,to design a more reasonable and suitable cleaning machine in Corps.It can supply high qulity cotton for later producing.At the same time,I carried out the design of pre-process equipments and experiments.After pre-processing for identical traits cotton picked by machine,to analyse the sample of every process stage,to compare the effect of processing and to research the reason of effect.The study shows the process is suitable for our country's condition.After pre-processing,the moisture is controled very well and it also can resolve the problem of storing,especially the function of cleaning impurity and plastic pellicle is prominent.The production lines of man-picking which is only increased an saw type cleaning machine after transformaing,can be used to process the cotton that being pre-processed has 5%impurity and produced lint has 1.5 to 1.8 impurity,the quality can up to the third step.But because of the limit of experiment condition,there was no compare between the original picking machines and imported machines,so it needs the further study.The equipment has been operating normally.Furthermore,the experiment made a foundation for our country to realise the nationlize of picking cotton by machine.