Effect Of Wheat-Haynaldia Villosa T6VS·6AL On Agronomic And Quality Traits Of Wheat And The Selection And Identification Of Wheat-Rye Translocations

Triticum aestivum L.-Haynaldia villosa L.Schur T6VS.6AL line 92R137 contained new resistance genes Pm21 and Yr26,developed by Cytogenetics Institute,Nanjing Agricultural University,China,is a new kind of genetic resource for breeding wheat cultivars with powerful resistance for both powdery mildew and yellow rust.To date,seven commercial wheat cultivars derived from this translocation have been released and widely planted,and a number of advanced lines are being tested in different regions of China.Understanding the genetic effects of this translocation might be very helpful for wheat breeding.In this program,an elite wheat landrace Huixianhong from Henan Province,China,which had played important role in Chinese wheat breeding,was selected to hybridize with T6VS.6AL translocation line 92R137 and a new F8 RIL population was subsequently constructed from its progenies by single seed descendant(SSD).66 lines with and 94 lines without T6VS.6AL were identified by both powdery mildew test and molecular tagging,and two sub-populations(R groups and S groups) were constructed and used to compare the differences of 17 quality traits of wheat after randomized block design(3 replications) in two regions,Nanjing,Jiangsu province and Zhengzhou,Hena province,China in 2005-2006 season year.Segregation of with 3 pairs of HMW glutenin genes and 5 phenotypic traits,this RIL population and two subpopulations distributed normally. Variance analysis revealed that the mean water absorption,maximum resistance to extension,resistance to extension at 50 mm and stability time of the dough showed significant differences in different gene and environmental effects and different genotypes. In comparison with the S groups,The four traits increaseds by 2.15%,32.55%,16.56%and 16.61%in water absorption,maximum resistance to extension,resistance to extension at 50 mm respectively in T6VS.6AL group than that of non-T6VS.6AL group,indicating positive effect of T6VS.6AL on these traits.The test weight,falling number,peak viscosity and softening degree showed significant gene and interactive effects.In comparison with the S groups,the four traits decreased 2.28%,6.06%,13.71%and 27.95%,indicating negative effect of T6VS.6AL.The test weight,falling number and softening degree in Zhengzhou and peak viscosity in Nanjing of R groups performed the largest effects.Except environmental or interactive effect,no effect of T6VSo6AL was found on protein content,dry gluten content,wet gluten content,gluten index,flour yield,zeleny sedimentation value,development time,extension area and extensibility.Two near-isogenic lines(NIL),CL-01(6A) vs CL-02(T6VS.6AL) and CL-03(6A) vs CL-04(T6VS.6AL),were used to compare the differences of 11 phenotypic traits after randomized block design(3 replications) in Jingpu and Jiangning,Nanjing,China in 2007-08 season year.Variance analysis revealed that four traits including plant height,basal second intemode length,spike length and thousand kernel weight showed significant gene and environmental effect.In comparison with the 6A lines(CL01 and CL03),the four traits of T6VS·6AL lines(CL02 and CL04) increased 7.79%and 11.53%,23.26%and 19.06%, 10.11%and 24.37%,10.72%and 16.17%,indicating positive effect of T6VS.6AL.Additionaly,rachis internode length of CL-01 and CL-02 performed significant gene and environmental effects.In comparison with CL-01,this trait decreased 9.08%.While in CL-03 and CL-04,significant gene and environmental effect were found on sterile spikelets and grain weight per plant.In comparison with CL-03,the two traits increased 23.26%and 16.67%,indicating interactive effect might occur between T6VS·6AL and different genetic backgrounds of wheat.Irradiated with ⁶⁰Co-γ-ray,the pollen of Huixianhong-Jingzhouheimai DA1R was pollinated to Huixianhong.Analyzed with genomic in situ hybridization,four plants with reciprocal translocation,4 plants with large segmental translocation and 1 plant with distal segment translocation were identified from the M₁ seeds.