The Prevention And Control Technology Of The Cultivation Measures For The Tetraploid Muscat Hamburg Grape Anti-premature Decrepiture

The Tetraploid Muscat Hamburg Grape we investigasted is the unique homozygous tetraploid muscat hamburg grape obtained by artificial mutation. It provides a new material for grape breeding research. For the characters of its big berry, well taste, the prematurity and high yield, the tetraploid muscat hamburg grape must be a variety of high vendibility and should be propagable utmost. But its premature senility produce much bad effects on the generalize of this quality variety in recent years.But the specific premature senility prevents its proceeding of commercial variety.In order to investigate the physiological technology in anti-premature senility of the tetraploid Muscat Hamburg Grape, we used varieties of combined treatments/we designed varieties of experimental groups, different treatment intensities and many indexes were examined, which include the constituent content of soluble solids, titratable acid, soluble sugar, Starch, Vc, anthocyanin, Proline and so on. We also detected the activity of phenylalalanine ammonialyase (PAL), the ratio of stem versus marrow, gathered with the quality of fruits, the contents of nutrient in branches and so on. Furthermore the growth of plants, the status of fruit bearing, and the evolvement of maturating were investigated following by. According to the prior research and the survey in field experiment, the premature senility of the aototetraploid muscat hamburg grape is mainly because of the load of branch getting much heavier after its chromosome doubling, which means the current cultivation method and cultivation standard for muscat hamburg grape is not suitable; finally it leads to the insufficient nutrient supply and further premature senility. We conclude that if the plant was pinched at the stage of 6-7 leaves, it would stay at the"balancing state"and the quality of fruits would be better; if bagged at stage of young fruit, then removed the bags 7¹0 days before harvest, the fruit could coloring by natural to avoided the occurrence and spread of diseases infeated for berrys effectively; if removed the bags when the saccharinity reach a certain degree, could also avoid the inhomogeneous coloring so that to improve the appearance; if treated the plant with 0.3%KH₂PO₄ half month after harvest, could accelerate the nutrient accumulation and improve the maturation of shoot, it was necessary for the plant to live through the winter safely and obtained enough nutrient for the germination of the following year.Our studies shows that the nutrient state of plants could be balanced by adjusting the time point and intensity for pinching, bagging, potassium fertilizer spraying, which established a good foundation for long-term harvests. We also expected the conclusion serving as a guideline for correlated researches and the cultivation of grape in North China.