Collection And Evaluation Of Germplasm Resources Of Hovenia Acerba In Fujian Province

Hovenia acerba was a kind of economic trees with several utilities. There were abundant germplasm resources in Fujian province. Fruits of 31 individuals with good germplasm belonging to 11 germ provenance in 4 areas in Fujian were collected and analyzed detailedly. The good germplasm and good individual with the purpose for fruit used, medicine used and dual-purpose were selected from the 31 individuals by comparison of external morphological characteristics and main quality traits of fruit stalk and seeds. The results would provide theoretical basis for the development of the nursery and cultivation on Hovenia acerba industry. The main results were as follows:1. Measuring of the main morphological indexes indicated that the dry weight of fruit stalk and fruit width increased while fruit number per fruit stalk decreased as average diameter and width of the primary furcation of fruit stalk increased. With the increase of 1000-seed dry weight, average diameter and the thickness of seeds, the moisture content of seeds reduced. With the increase of the red-brown seed number, the dark-brown seed number decreased, while germination speed was accelerating. Then it was considered preliminarily that No. 13, 15 and 18 individual had better morphological characteristics.2. The results of relativity analysis between the seed vigor test and field performance showed that most seed vigor indexes in this experiment could reflect the level of seed vigor, among which relative conductivity, germination rate and germination index could well reflect field performance. Correlation analysis showed that there was a significant positive correlation between the germination rate and seedling field emergence rate, seedling rate and ree height respectively. They were the best indexes used to evaluate seed vigor. OD value had a bad correlationship with field performance. The germination rate, seedling field emergence rate and seedling rate of seeds on the No.14 individual were the hightest, meaning its highest seed vigor.3. Fruit of Hovenia acerba contained a variety of nutrition and physiologically active matter. The average contents of crude fat, protein, soluble sugar, starch and reducing sugar in fruit stalk (dry weight) from the different source regions were 1.20%, 8.60%, 48.82%, 3.00%, 29.51% respectively. The fruit stalk contained hight protein, and was the kind of low-fat and high-sugar edible resource with high nutritional value. It also contained many kinds of mineral elements necessary to the human body. In the 4 metal elements measured, the highest content was K(2.16%), the next was Ca(0.25%), Mg(0.09%), the lowest was Mn(0.0024%). The nutritional contents in seeds were less than that in fruit stalk except for crude fat. It was known by cluster analysis that the difference in nutrient content of fruit stalk and seeds of individual had some relationship with the source regions. No. 25 and No. 31 were selected as suitable fruit used individuals.4. The determination results indicated that all contents of three kinds of medicinal components in seeds were more than that in fruit stalk. No. 23 was selected as the best individuals with high contents of medicinal components and high qualites.5. The analysis of chemical characteristics of fruit stalk and seeds indicated that No. 1, No. 10, No. 11, No. 12, No. 13, No. 14, No. 15, No. 16, No. 19, No. 21, No. 25, No. 26 and No. 27 were primarily selected as prior single plant of dual-purpose with better character.6. In order to comprehensively evaluate the chemical quality of the fruit stalk and seeds, the contents of chemical components in 31 individuals were analyzed by principal component analysis. Principal components with accumulative contribution rate over 85% and the scores of the principal components and comprehensive scores of samples were obtained. The comprehensive score of fruit stalk of No. 25 was the highest and No. 16 was the worst; the comprehensive score of seeds of No. 6 was the best among the 31 individuals.7. There was a great difference in chemical composition contents in fruit stalk and seeds between different individuals from 11 source regions. The content of soluble sugar in fruit stalk from Qingliu was the highest, while the content of reducing sugar in fruit stalk from Datian was the highest. The content of starch, total flavonoids and total saponins in fruit stalk from Shunchang were the highest, while the content of protein in fruit stalk from Shaxian was the highest, and the content of crude fat and tannin in fruit stalk from Fuzhou were the highest. The content of Soluble sugar and tannin in seeds from Qingliu were the highest, while the content of reducing sugar and total saponins in seeds from Pucheng were the highest. The content of protein and crude fat in seeds from Shunchang were the highest, while the content of starch and total flavonoids in seeds from Fuzhou and Songxi respectively were the highest.