Effects Of Ginaton On The Rumen Fermentation And Fiber Degradation Mechanism

In this experiment, four goats wethers fitted with rumen cannula were used to determine the effects of ginaton on the rumen fermentation, fiber degradation, and blood serum index. The main proposal was to search a new rumen regulation agent, and the dissertation was described in the following 3 sections.Experiment one: The objectives of this part were to determine the effects of ginaton on the rumen fermentation. The in vitro culture were conducted using cellulose, soluble amylum and casein as substrates, by adding 0, 0.3%, 0.6%, 0.9% and 1.2% ginaton in culture medium respectively. The results showed that, the addition of ginaton could decrease the NH3-N concentration, and the NH3-N concentration of 0.6% group was lower than that of the control group; As the addition of ginaton increasing, aerogenic accumulation was ascendant, and experimental groups were significantly higher than control group (P<0.01) except 2h, 4h and 6h; Acetate, butyrate and TVFA concentration boosted with the addition of ginaton increasing. The molarity percentage of butyrate in 0.8% group was significantly higher than that of the control group (P<0.01); however, there was no significant difference in the molarity percentage of acetate and propionate between groups. Compared to the control group, the ratios of acetate to propionate in experiment groups had a degradation tendency. Additionally, ginaton could increase bacterial protein production and decrease protozoa protein production.Experiment two: The effects of ginaton on fiber enzyme and cellulose degradation were studied in this part, and the additions of ginaton and substrates in culture media were the same as the experiment one. Molecular biology techniques were used to study the effects of ginaton on bacteroide succinogenes, ruminococcus albus, and ruminococcus flavefaciens. The results showed that, the addition of ginaton significantly increased the activity of filter paper cellulose enzyme and xylanase, and the activity of filter paper cellulose enzyme was highest in 0.9% group (1.2IU). With the addition of ginaton increasing, filter paper cellulose enzyme tended to upgraded firstly and decreased after. It was also observed that, xylanase activity was highest in 0.9% group (1.61IU), 0.3% group was significantly higher than control group, 0.9% group was extremely higher than control group (P<0.01). The populations of bacteroide succinogenes and ruminococcus albus of 0.6% and 0.9% group were higher than those of the control group. The population of ruminococcus flavefaciens of 0.6% group was higher than that of the control group. Cellulose degradability was increased with the addition of ginaton.Experiment three: Four goats were randomly assigned to four dietary treatments (adding 0, 0.4%, 0.8%, and 1.2% ginaton in diets respectively) in a 4×4 Latin square design, aimed to study the effects of ginaton on rumen fermentation parameters and blood serum index. The results showed that, the extent of pH ranged between 6.65 and 6.67. The addition of ginaton could decrease the concentration of NH3-N concentration; while increase the concentration of acetate, propionate and TVFA in the rumen, with a simultaneous decline in the acetate to propionate ratio. The ratio of acetate to propionate in 1.2% group was significantly lower than that of the control group. With the addition of ginaton increasing, bacterial protein yields tended to upgraded firstly and decreased after, and the hightest data falling in 0.8% group. Additionally, compared to control group, no significant influence was detected in ruminal urea-nitrogen concentration and blood serum indexes, including total serum protein, glutamic pyruvic transaminase, glutamic oxalacetic transaminase, urea nitrogen and blood glucose.