| Staphylea bumalda DC and Elaeagnus mollis Diels are two native oil tree to china.The investigation of plantations located in 3 provenances as Anhui Shitai, Hubei Dawu, Henan Tongbai and natural forests located in 4 provenances as Pinglu Sanmen, Xiangning Xipo and Yaxia, Yicheng Ganquan of Shanxi province were carried out; the flowering habits, the phenotypic variations and the correlation of growing and fruiting characters were analyzed, the plus trees were selected. The results were included:1. The flowers of one tree of Staphylea bumalda were ranged from 20~100 for one inflorescence, the drupes were 6~20. The fruit setting rate was about 22.5%. It was flowered in the age of two years and entered its full fruit period in five years. The flower buds were accounted for 88.3% with the maximum of 100%. The flowering were from the lower part to the upper, from the external to the internal, from good nutrition level to the poor. The flowering period influenced by the climate. The flowers of one tree of Elaeagnus mollis were ranged from 12~27 for one inflorescence, the drupes were 6~15. The fruit setting rate were about 40%.2. The range of variation coefficient of Staphylea bumalda characters ?? from 50. 5% to 10. 4%. The variation of fruit type within and among provenance were significant. Fruit length and 100-seed weight of it were stable in different years, the others of fruit was slightly inferior.3. According to two method to analysis for Staphylea bumalda, the most important character to yied is infructescences per unit area. Number of seeds per fruit and fruits number per infructescence were ranked two and three alternately in the two method, then was the 100-seed weight and the longth of new branches.4. The coefficient of Elaeagnus mollis variation in crown width, ground diameter, height under branch, height under crown and total infructescences were all more than 50%. New branches and second years branches were more than 40%. Coefficients of variation among fruit weight, seed weight, kernel weight were respectively 21. 1%, 21. 9% and 23. 2%, the variation of seminal rate was 6. 7%, kernel rate of fruits and kernel rate of seeds were respectively 19. 6% and 19. 1%, the variation of Fruit shape was stable, the coefficients were 9. 5% ~ 12. 6%.5. Variance analysis of Elaeagnus mollis results showed that the difference of height under crown, kernel rate of seeds, fruit width and seed width were not significant. Other characters were significant. Variance components among the individuals was larger than variance components among provenances. 6. Correlation and regression analysis for Elaeagnus mollis showed that the importance of the different characters to the yield were ranked at: the number of infructescences per unit area, the number of fruits per infructescence, fruit weight and fruit branches proportion. The factors that significantly affect kernel rate of fruit were kernel weight and seed coat weight.7. Taking fruit type as indicators, dividing Elaeagnus mollis into three types by cluster analysis. Taking fruit type as indicators, through discriminant analysis, discriminant function were established, and through the test, the correct rate was 98. 4%.8. Using the method of the difference artithmetic, the small sample plot and the dominant comparative method to selected plus trees in Anhui Shitai, Hubei Dawu and Henan Tongbai, 25 Staphylea bumalda plus trees were selected. The average yied of plus trees was 193.7kg per mu, the maximum was 363.5kg per mu. Compared with original populations, the grain in number of infructescences per unit area, the number of fruits per infructescence and seed yied of plus trees were respectively 66.6%, 16.6% and 90.2%.Using dominant comparative method to selected Elaeagnus mollis plus t?? in the natural forest in Shanxi Shanmen, Shanxi Xiangning and Shanxi Yicheng, 34 plus trees were selected. The average yied of plus trees was 437.3kg per mu, the maximum was 833.4kg per mu. Compared with original populations, the grain in number of infructescences per unit area, the number of fruits per infructescence and seed yied of plus trees were respectively 27.4%, 19.7% and 29.1%.
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