Comparative Study On Ultrastructure Of Tilia Amurensis In Different Geograghical Conditions

Tilia amurensis is a lofty defoliated arbor which belongs to Tiliaceae and Tilia.T.amurensis is a secondary national protection plants.Tilia amurensis is not only a famous nectar trees,but also the main raw materials of plywood and blockboard.It is a fine garden tree species with glorious shape,and the flowers and root are used for Chinese traditional medicine.With the quantity and quality of Tilia amurensis populations decreasing and decaying year by year,the study on sprucebreeding and forestation,ecology, timbering and so on strengthen gradually,but the morphological and anatomical structure study is still less reported.This study chose 6 latitude and 6 altitude in 3 vegetation regions to sample,cell array,shape,stoma or not of up-epidermal,epidermal hair,stoma number,stoma shape,the outer arch covering of stoma,the outer arch inner margin,stoma emblazonry,cuticle of down-epidermis,length and shortness of pericarp hair, growing status,fasciculation epidermal hair and dispersed epidermal hair of pericarp,and exterior emblazonry of pollen of Tilia amurensis leaves were studied comparatively from microscope level by scanning electron microscope.We analyzed that the difference and reason of difference of microcosmic morphological anatomic structure of epidermal,pericarp,pollen of Tilia amurensis leaves which changed with latitude and altitude,and further discussed the ecological adoption,taxology and economic biology significance of the microcosmic morphological anatomic structure of epidermal,pericarp,pollen of Tilia amurensis leaves with the changes of altitude and latitude.We found that epidermal and pericarp of Tilia amurensis leaves appeared obvious structure difference, but pollen didn't appear obvious structure difference with altitude changes through epidermal,pericarp and pollen of Tilia amurensis leaves in different altitude by scanning electron microscope.The cell shape and cell array distribution of up-epidermal was affected obviously by altitude,down-epidermal of Tilia amurensis leaves only possessed needle-shape hair and stellate hair in the highest altitude,and the outer arch cover of stoma changed monolayer into two-double,the emblazonry changed leather nature into waxiness,the cutin membrane changed lump into waveform.The length of pericarp hair of Tilia amurensis became shorter,the growth of epidermal hair became closer,but the growing status of fasciated epidermal hair was all obvious, the number was 10 in unit area,the protuberance were all obvious.The dispersed epidermal hair were all protuberant obviously and was affected little by altitude.The microcosmic form of pollen of Tilia amurensis didn't change obviously with the increasing of altitude,and was affected little by altitude.We found that epidermal and pericarp of Tilia amurensis leaves appeared obvious structure difference, but pollen didn't appear obvious structure difference with altitude changes through epidermal,pericarp and pollen of Tilia amurensis leaves in different latitude observed by scanning electron microscope.The 4 microform:up-epidermal cell,down-epidermal hair,waxiness and stoma organ of Tilia amurensis leaves was affected obviously by latitude changes,and presented disciplinary changes,up-epidermal cell was close in low latitude,but the array was loose and waxiness obviously in high latitude;the down-epidermal only possessed needle-shape and stellate epidermal hair in the lowest latitude.The stoma of waxiness was lighter in low latitude,it was obvious in the highest latitude;the pericarp hair of Tilia amurensis became longer and the growing status changed loose into close with the increasing of latitude.The microcosmic form of pollen of Tilia amurensis didn't change obviously with the increasing of latitude,and was affected little by latitude.The pericarp hair of Tilia amurensis became longer with the latitude increasing,the growth status had changed loose into close,however,epidermal hair of fasciated growing status was obvious,the number was about 10 in unit area,the protuberance was all obvious, dispersed epidermal hair was affected little by latitude,and presented ruleless.The microcosmic morphology was not obvious with the latitude increasing,and was affected little by latitude.We expounded the relationship between the occurrence of structure difference and environment in different altitude and latitude on the basis of comparative study of microcosmic morphology,and offered gist for judgement and preservation of idioplasm resources,study on morphological diversity,the relationship between anatomic structure and environment,and origin and evolvement of species;the study on biological feature and ecologic adoption of Tilia amurensis offered credible structure evidence for crude forest protection project,protecting crude species origin,strengthen scientific research and production of introduction and breeding.