Occurrence Dynamics And Management Technology Based On Chemical Ecology Of Cydia Pomonella (L.) In Fruit Orchards

Codling moth,Cydia pomonella (L.) (Lepidoptera, Olethreutidae),is the most serious pest of fruit orchards worldwide and one of the most important quarantine pests, which can be only distributed in Xinjiang and Gansu Province and shows a trend to spread to east part of China. The main results are as follows:1. Occurrence regularity of Cydia pomonella (L.) , distribution characteristic and spatial pattern of Cydia pomonella eggs in pear orchardCydia pomonella has 2 generations each year and overwinters with old larvae inside cocoons in bark of tree trunk or branchy in Jiuquan annually. The occurrence dynamics, spatial pattern,distribution and sampling technique were studied for codling moth eggs in the pear orchard.The results showed that codling moth produced two generations eggs each year;the peak of the first generation eggs occurred around on May 21 and belonged to an uniform distribution pattern;the peak of the second generation eggs occurred around on July 11 and belonged to an aggregated distribution pattern.At the peak of the first generation eggs,the amount of eggs on the fruits were significantly larger than on the leaves.However,at the peak of the second generation eggs,the amount of eggs on the leaves were extremely significantly larger than on the fruits;At the peak of the two generations eggs,the amount of eggs on the reverse of leaves were significantly larger than on the obverse of leaves,and the amount of eggs on the middle crown were significantly larger than on the upper crown or lower crown.In addition, based on spatial pattern of the first generation eggs,the optimum sampling number and sequential sampling table were calculated by Iwao's method.2. Effects of the sex pheromone traps on capture of Cydia pomonella (L.) male mothThe effects of the color, shape, height in the crown, lure colors and lure dosage of the sex pheromone traps on capture of Cydia pomonella (L.) male moth were evaluated.Trap catches of the white traps and the green traps more than two times higher than blue one.The white traps and the green traps were much more effective than blue one.The trapping effect were no significant difference both water bottle types and triangle types. Trap catches of the traps hung middle part of the crown were 2 times higher than those of in upper part.The former was much more effective than the latter.The trapping effect were no significant difference both blue lure types and red lure types.The trapping effect were no significant difference both single lure types and dual lure types.3. Comparative research on trap efficiency of different blends of sex pheromone and plant volatiles on Cydia pomonella (L.)Effects of blends of sex pheromone and plant volatiles on capture of Cydia pomonella (L.) were evaluated in the overwintering generation and the peak of the first generation in the pear orchard and the apple orchard. The results showed that in the overwintering generation and the peak of the first generation in the pear orchard, traps baited with blends of (E,E)-α-farnesene lure and ethyl (E, Z)-2,4-decadienoate lure caught significantly more total moths (4.06 and 3.57)and males codling moths (2.60 and 2.14)than traps baited with only sex pheromone; maximum catches of the traps were 16 and 22 respectively. Traps baited with blends of sex pheromone lure and ethyl (E, Z)-2,4-decadienoate lure caught significantly more total moths than traps baited with only sex pheromone in the overwintering generation and there were no significant difference in the first generation in the pear orchard. Traps baited with blends of sex pheromone lure and (E,E)-α-farnesene lure caught significantly more total moths than traps baited with only sex pheromone in the first generation and there were no significant difference in the overwintering generation in the pear orchard. Traps baited with blends of sex pheromone lure and (E,E)-α-farnesene lure and traps baited with blends of sex pheromone lure and ethyl (E, Z)-2,4-decadienoate lure caught significantly more total moths and males codling moths than traps baited with only sex pheromone.4. Assess the effect of different control methods for Cydia pomonellaAccording to the comparative with mass trapping area, disruption area and chemical control area and blank area. Disruption area with sex pheromone can control the rate of fruit damage of 2 percent below. Chemical control area take the same results. Mass trapping area get a bad effect of control.