| In order to evaluate soil and water conservation effects of the artificial grass on cinnamon calcareous, explore effects of the main factors which impact cinnamon calcareous soil erosion,artificial grass vegetation index and biological characteristics in the process of soil erosion, experiment in the cinnamon calcareous soil slopes using artificial grass and bare runoff plots and different coverage of soil erosion trough-artificial rainfall system, make a observation to quantitative characteristics of vegetation in the growing season,litter water-holding characteristics as well as the same period in the dynamic situation of soil erosion and soil physical properties, at the same time make a observation of litter water-holding characteristics change with time, after comparative research of observational data of different treatment of the experimental plot, reveal ecological effects in field of soil and water conservation in the process of soil erosion prevent and hold with the artificial grass in calcareous cinnamon soil slopes.It is an important practical significance for using remote sensing technology for monitoring soil erosion in calcareous cinnamon soil slopes and ecological management of artificial grass, and then to make theoretical guidance and technical support in field of ecology for Beijing calcareous cinnamon soil sustainable development.Based on monitoring to soil erosion of Bromus riparius grassland and bareland in natural calcareous cinnamon soil slope, effects of soil and water conservation of Bromus riparius grassland is significant in calcareous cinnamon soil.Surface runoff,runoff coefficient,soil erosion on Bromus riparius grassland is significantly lower than on bareland. when the potential coverage of Bromus riparius grassland is 50.50%, the water capacity is 85.75%, soil-hold ability is 98.22%, soil erosion modulus reduced 97.68%, so that soil erosion modulus reduced under the allowed erosion amount.Based on gray correlation analysis, the order of the major factor impacted calcareous cinnamon soil erosion the from strong to weak show: surface runoff > rainfall > rainfall intensity > slope > vegetation coverage > vegetation height > vegetation density.Among them, the vegetation factor is the main biological factors impacted calcareous cinnamon soil erosion, and impact on vegetation coverage is greater than on vegetation height and vegetation density.Based on monitoring soil and water conservation of Bromus riparius grassland in natural calcareous cinnamon soil slope and research of soil erosion on grassland which is dealed with different coverage under artificial rainfall in soil erosion trough, the biological characteristics of Bromus riparius aboveground is that each other correlation is significant with aboveground biomass as the core.Character show: changes of vegetation coverage and NDVI and changes of surface runoff and soil erosion were significantly correlation, while changes of soil erosion and surface runoff is also a significant correlation.In natural slope grassland, vegetation coverage,NDVI,vegetation density significantly increased in May, increase slowly from June to September, but no significant changes.Surface runoff and soil erosion increase with vegetation coverage gradually decreases.It was the relationship the negative logarithmic function relationship between vegetation coverage and surface runoff, and it was the countdown function relationship between vegetation coverage and soil erosion.Surface runoff and soil erosion decreased as the NDVI increase.It was the linear function relationship between NDVI and vegetation coverage.It was the negative logarithmic function relationship between NDVI and surface runoff.It was the countdown function relationship between NDVI and soil erosion.It was the negative countdown function relationship between vegetation density and vegetation coverage.It was negative logarithmic function relationship between vegetation density and vegetation height.It was the logarithmic function relationship between vegetation density and aboveground biomass.Surface runoff and soil erosion increase as aboveground biomass decreased.It was the logarithmic function relationship between aboveground biomass and vegetation coverage. In natural slope grassland vegetation height significantly increased from May to mid-June, followed by no significant change.Nutrition branch maintained at a height of 36.28cm around and reproductive branch maintained at about 76.62cm around.In a certain height scope, surface runoff and soil erosion showed the lower trend a gradual as the vegetation height decrease.It can be seen that in the indicators of aboveground Bromus riparius grassland the aboveground biomass was the core.There were different forms of function relationship among above-ground biomass,vegetation cover,vegetation density,vegetation height,together with the NDVI, directly or indirectly with the surface runoff and soil erosion.Based on research of litter water-holding characteristics in natural calcareous cinnamon soil slope Bromus riparius grassland, litter moisture capacity and moisture content increased as soaking time increase, litter speed of moisture capacity decreased as soaking time increase.It was the negative countdown function relationship between soaking time and litter moisture capacity, It was the power curve function relationship between soaking time and litter speed of moisture capacity.Based on research of soil characteristics in natural calcareous cinnamon soil slope Bromus riparius grassland and bareland, Bromus riparius improved soil physical properties of calcareous cinnamon soil.from 0 to 30 cm soil depth, Bromus riparius root length,average root diameter,root surface area,root volume,root number,root biomass increased as soil depth gradually decreases; the range of field capacity of calcareous cinnamon soil increased as soil depth increase in Bromus riparius grassland, the range of soil bulk density of calcareous cinnamon soil decreased as soil depth increase in Bromus riparius grassland, and soil compaction of calcareous cinnamon soil also have be reduced.From 0 to 45cm soil depth, reducing effect decreased from 7.5 to 15cm soil layer to the ground floor of slowing down.In Bromus riparius grassland the value reducd soil compaction in the early growing season more than in the late growing season, the range of reducing expanded significantly.In addition, from 0 to 30 minutes in the process of soil infiltration, with an extension of time in both of grassland and bareland soil infiltration rate decreased rapidly firstly, stabilized after a slow decline in line secondly.By comparison, Bromus riparius improved soil infiltration rate of calcareous cinnamon soil, in particular from 0 to 10 minutes increased significantly.Based on research soil moisture monitored of in the natural slope Bromus riparius grassland and bareland, from 10 to 100 cm in the natural calcareous cinnamon soil slope soil moisture of bareland generally show two peaks change, soil moisture of grassland show a sine wave shape, but this law will be in the other changes due to the influence of rainfall changed in the season and annual changes.In general, from 10 to 80 cm was lower in bareland than in grassland in a period of less rainfall.From 80 to 100 cm soil moisture is higher in grassland than in bareland.However, with the rainfall increased, grass and gradually increase the soil moisture over land.A result of soil water-hold power better in grassland than in bareland, after the rain from 0 to 60 cm soil water content of grassland decreased faster than soil water content of bareland.In generally, under a small number of rainfall during the quarter of growth, at 10 cm,20 cm,30 cm,40 cm and 60 cm of soil layer daily changes of soil water content in bareland were higher than in grassland, only in 100 cm soil department soil water content in grassland higher than in bareland, and soil from on to the next day the range of diurnal changes of soil water content was reduced from top to bottom, the more bottom-up, the more obvious fluctuations.In soil departments of 10 cm and 20 cm diurnal changes of soil water content in grassland and bareland was sinusoidal wave form, and lagged in bareland, in soil departments of 30 cm and 40 cm department diurnal changes of soil water content in grassland and bareland was "V" shape, was volatility ups and downs in bareland, was flat ups and downs in grassland, was behind in the bareland, in 60 cm department of soil diurnal changes of soil water content showed bimodal shape in bareland, was a single peak shape in grassland; in 100 cm department of soil diurnal changes of soil water content showed "W" shape in bareland and grassland, lagged in grassland.From 0 to 10 cm diurnal changes of soil water content was higher than in barelang, and were both "W" shape change.So the vertical distribution of soil water content shows overall features of the stratification and seasonal variation.By the influence of atmospheric precipitation and plant growth and development of rhythm and root uptaked water the moisture content of the soil surface was volatile, rapid response to precipitation. In lower soil range changes of soil moisture content was little volatile, there are more obvious hysteresis in grassland. as a result of soils water moisture capacity in grassland and seasonal changes in rainfall, soil moisture content appear weak phase,consumption and slow recovery phase as a result of seasonal rainfall changes and itself changes in growth and development of water storage.Arrived, artificial will not cause long-term drought, the soil moisture was with the lower stage and recoverability grass on calcareous cinnamon soil moisture changes in the soil itself.In addition, the artificial grass also increases the water-hold capacity of soil, and increase moisture capacity of soil itself, it is a great role in calcareous cinnamon soil for sustainable development in promoting.According to research of monitoring dynamic changes of evapotranspiration of calcareous cinnamon of soil moisture in the different treatment plots, in the day from 8:00 onwards, evapotranspiration of bareland,Bromus riparius grassland and Bromus riparius gradually reduce over the time extension.In the period From 8:00 to 16:00, Bromus riparius grassland evapotranspiration > Bromus riparius transpiration > bareland evaporation, bareland and grassland evaporation were no significant differences, with Bromus riparius grassland evapotranspiration were significantly different.In the period from 16:00 to 8:00 , Bromus riparius grassland evapotranspiration > bareland evaporation > Bromus riparius transpiration, grassland evapotranspiration were significant differences with Bromus riparius evapotranspiration, were not significant difference with bareland evaporation.That is Bromus riparius reduces soil moisture evaporation of calcareous cinnamon soil in itself, but increased evapotranspiration of Bromus riparius grassland in calcareous cinnamon soil, the phenomenon was significantly in the period from 8:00 to 12:00, the performancewas not significant in the period from 16:00 to 8:00.Overall evapotranspiration was mainly from Bromus riparius lost in the process of transpiration.This shows coverage with the artificial grass and changes of soil physical properties changed by underground root system of cinnamon cinnamon soil reduced evaporation of soil itself moisture, improved the ability to maintain moisture of the soil itself.
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