Characteristics Of Soil Erosion With Soil And Water Conservation Measures In Ili Valley Grassland

The natural grassland resources are abundant in the Ili Valley.However,the total area of soil erosion and the area where the erosion is more intense than above are gradually expanding,causing gradual degradation of the grassland and soil,which seriously threatens the safety of agricultural production and the implementation of the sustainable development strategy in the west.Therefore,it is necessary to carry out the ecological restoration research of degraded grassland in the Ili Valley from the perspective of soil erosion control and explore the soil and water conservation measures with better flow reduction and sediment reduction to reduce the damage of soil erosion.In the study,the low mountain area of Yining County in Ili Valley was taken as the research object.Firstly,through the field grassland investigation and indoor experiment analysis,the correlation among topography,soil and grassland coverage was discussed.Secondly,the effects of different site conditions on the coverage of grassland were analyzed,and the main control factors affecting grassland coverage were explored.Finally,taking the typical slope surface in the low mountain area of Ili Valley as the research object,field experiments were conducted to simulate the rainfall intensity of 26mm/h,12mm/h and 18mm/h in the order of bare land,loose rake,grass cover,sawdust cover,and mowing cover and the effects of slope erosion and sediment reduction.This research provides a scientific basis for soil erosion control and sustainable development of grassland husbandry in Ili Valley.The main conclusions of the study are as follows:(1)There is a certain interaction between topographic,soil and grassland coverage.There was a significant negative correlation between grassland coverage and slope,and clay surface clay content.Grassland soil water content was significantly related to the distribution of elevation,slope direction,and slope position in topographic factors,and was significantly negative to soil bulk density and sand content in soil factors.The content of soil organic matter decreased with the increase of altitude and the increase of soil bulk density.The K value of soil erosion was negatively correlated with the coverage of grassland,soil water content and soil organic matter.The change of grassland coverage can reflect the difference between topography and soil properties to a certain extent.(2)When both soil and topographic factors were affecting grassland coverage,slope and rock content were the dominant factors affecting grassland coverage.(3)The runoff rate and sediment content of bare land,loose rake,grass cover,sawdust cover,and mowing cover measures showed extremely significant positive correlation,and the runoff and sediment concentration of each soil and water conservation measure all met the power function relationship.The overall efficiency of different soil and water conservation measures were as follows: mowing cover> loose rake> grass cover cover> sawdust cover> bare land.Sediment benefits were: mowing cover> grass cover> loose harrow> sawdust cover> bare land.