Cultivated Land Resources And Functions Research Of Ecosystem Service In Hubei Province

Cultivated land resources are the basis of socio-economic sustainable development, which affect straight forwardly China's food security and social stability. Farmland protection is a basic national policy, which has always been paid attention by the Government and academics. Hubei Province is the main grain production areas of China, and agricultural production played quite an important role in our national economy. Recently, with the development of unbalanced economic and the difference of population growth rate in many regions in Hubei Province.The cultivated land and population changes demonstrate obvious region differences and contradiction. To stabilize the status of agriculture as the foundation of Hubei Province, there must be a corresponding quantity and quality of cultivated land as a guarantee. At the same time, cultivated land resources and ecological environment are closely related; a good eco-environment plays a great important role for land development and utilization of resources. Therefore, the studies about cultivated land changes and their impacts on the ecological environment have a great important significance for the protection and utilization of cultivated land resources and socio-economic sustainable development.The paper studied the present situation of the land use, based on the current level analysis of natural agricultural resources and socio-economic development in Hubei Province. Hubei's potential of the land use is not optimistic, by the end of 2007, unused land is 2,542,600 hm~2 which account for 13.68% of the province. The unused land is distributed among mountainous and hilly areas of the vast majority.It's difficult and costly for development.According to main characteristics of cultivated land resources distribution,the cultivated land are mainly distributed in Jianghan Plain, Eastern Hubei plain and along the river and mound in north,The three regions occupy about 60% of the province's total cultivated land area.The pattern development and utilization of cultivatedland is "half irrigated land,half no irrigated farmland".From the situation changes of cultivated land resources in the calendar year, since the middle of the 20th century, the total cultivated land have displayed generally a everlasting decreasing tendency in Hubei Province. After 2003, although the total area of cultivated land was stable, relatively rapid reduction for the area of nonirrigated farmland.The result showed that it is connected with the socio-economic development, especially seized some cultivated land in urban crowding. On this basis, the driving force of changes in cultivated land resources is analysed in this paper, and it is found that certain changes in land resources result from a natural - the ecological conditions, economic drive subsystem, social subsystem of common coupling drive. It showed that the main driving factor was the increase of population growth and urbanization by Principal component analysis.Types of land-use estimated for the value of ecosystem services have an important reference value for exploring the ecological functions of land resources.Based on ecosystem services value unit area of Chinese terrestrial ecosystem.Compared by analyzing, cultivated land, woodland, grassland,water area and unused land ecosystem service value changed little overall between 1996 and 2005 in Hubei Province. They can transform among each other, which offset the resulting value of ecosystem services of others'. However, from the contribution of the total ESV of a variety of land-use types in both periods, land-use change in woodland is top1, followed by water area, cultivated land,unused land and grassland. As a result of cultivated land reducing 276,000 hm~2 in 10 years,It leads to ecosystem services value decreasing of 16.88x10 million yuan.As a stated above, we have some suggestions of protecting farmland and improving functions of plough ecosystem service are given by this paper. In order to understand the economic benifit and eco-benefits of farmland, it's necessary to develop the ecologicalagriculture and Protect the biodiversity of farmland.The study has shown that the reduction of cultivated land resources affected not only the agricultural food production, but also the number of effects of the ecosystem in Hubei Province. How effectively and reasonability to protect cultivated land resources to enable keep increase food production meanwhile better perform their ecosystem services, which is the major problems we must face and solve.