Studies On Ploidy Variance Pattern Of Natural Populations In Actinidia Chinensis Var. Chinensis/Actinidia Chinensis Var. Deliciosa Complex

Actinidia chinensis var.chinensis/Actinidia chinensis var.deliciosa complex belong to Actinidiaceae,Actinidia Lindl.Because of its sweet-sour taste and specific flavo,they are very popular,and has an important economic value,taken as a important resource in breeding.A wide range of ploidy variation occur to the complex,for example diploid, tetraploid,hexaploid,octoploid,and even dodecaploid.In this rstudy,Systematic research for the ploidy of A.chinensis.var chinensis,A.chinensis var.deliciosa plants throughout the distribution area,is a basic work,taken as one of the most objective evaluation criterias helping us understand the distribution of diploid and polyploidy,habitat needs and advantage of adapting.At the same time,it offers a reference for us to understand the distribution characteristic of the complex,origin' center and the spreading road.In this study,we analysed the ploidy of A.chinensis.var chinensis,A.chinensis var.deliciosa plant coming form natural populations in their whole distribution areas almost,combined with relevant informations to draw the following preliminary conclusions:1.There are three cytotypes in A.chinensis var.deliciosa:etraploid,hexaploid and octoploidy,most of populations are hexaploid,followed by tetraploid.The existence of the wild octoploid plants was reported firstly in our research.A.chinensis.var chinensis, only two cytotypes of diploid and tetraploid,the distribution range of diploid slightly greater than the tetraploid,but no distinct difference.2.In china,the natural distribution of A.chinensis.var chinensis,A.chinensis var.deliciosa populations are distributed in the south of 34°N.Among them,the distribution of diploid A.chinensis.var chinensis ranges of latitude 25°N-33°N,the distribution of tetraploid A.chinensis.var chinensis ranges of latitude 25°N-27°N,the distribution of hexaploid A.chinensis.var deliciosa ranges of latitude 25°N-34°N.On the whole,the distribution of A.chinensis.var chinensis are apt to east,the distribution of A.chinensis.var deliciosa are apt to west,southwest and northwest.3.A.chinensis.var chinensis mainly distributed in some provinces in Central of China and East of China,compared with tetraploid,diploid has a much broader distribution,including Hubei,Hunan,Anhui,Henan,Jiangxi,Guangxi,Zhejiang and so on.In our research,populations in Anhui,Henan,Zhejiang,Jiangxi,are all diploid. Fujian area are basically tetraploid populations.Hubei,Hunan,according to our collected samples showed diploid,but still have tetraploid in Hunan.In general,diploid of A.chinensis.var chinensis showns a continuous distribution model,a much broader distribution.A.chinensis.var deliciosa are Hexaploid mainly,distributing in QinLing Mountain,Daba Mountain and WuLing Mountain,covering Hubei,Shanxi,GuiZhou, SiChuan and YunNan provinces.4.In the vertical distribution,the distribution of A.chinensis var.deliciosa is in areas of 500-1600m altitudel,and the distribution of A.chinensis.var chinensis is mainly under 800m altitude.From our results,the distribution of hexaploid A.chinensis var.deliciosa are higher than its tetraploid in altitude,tetraploid A.chinensis.var chinensis mainly distributed in the region more than 500m above,but there are diploid A.chinensis.var chinensis in this altitude rang.that is,diploid A.chinensis.var chinensis has a much broader distribution than its tetraploid distribution in the altitude.