A Study On Agricultural Animal Epidemic Disease Prevention And Control Management Of China From Farmers' Perspective

Animal Disease has intimate relations to such subject as epidemiology, public management, game theory and institutional economics. In the respect of epidemiology, the propagation and maintenance of animal disease was associates with respiratory tract, air, insect vector and the resistant ability of the host pathogen. At the same time, feeding and management, stress and climate also are the main cause of animal disease. Therefore, in order to guarantee the healthy of animal, the prevention and control management of animal disease must play much emphasis on the incentive of raising households' scientific culture and prevention behavior. As a kind of public management policy, the execution process of prevention and control management on animal disease is also the coordinate on all parties' interests. These parties are mainly relating to central government, local government and raising households. Due to the fundamental effect of the raising households in animal disease prevention and control system, it is important for the animal disease prevention and control policy and system to reflect the need of raising households and maintain consistency in dynamic. Only by this can reduce the transaction cost of animal disease prevention and control process and make it optimum.Looking from the kinds and epidemic state of animal disease in China, the situation of animal disease prevention and control is very grime. Particularly since the year of 2004, the out burst of such major animal disease as avian influenza, foot and mouth disease, swine blue ear disease had brought a series of effect on China's social and economics. These effects are mainly embodied in threatening mankind health, hindering the development of animal husbandry and animal product exportation. The outbreak of major animal epidemic disease has also strike the alarm bell to animal epidemic prevention system and emergence management ability. Animal epidemic disease prevention and control has become the important content of public management and security. In order to prevent and control the major animal epidemic disease, to guarantee the sound development of animal husbandry, to ensure mankind's health, our country has unveiled a series of laws and regulations successively, reformed the management frameworks of veterinary services,which have provide favorable legal and organization system support for the prevention and control management. But for the reason of systematic problem which was formed by long-term accumulation, there are many problems as a weak grass-root epidemic prevention system, a low-level treatment and professional technology of immunization staff. Moreover, the existing animal epidemic disease prevention and control policy are related to raising households not close enough and lack of their cooperation.The research of animal prevention and control management has been attach much concern in home and abroad and the various research result have become the reference and support of every government decision and scheme. The raising households are indispensable members and the direct interest related one, but the draw up of the existing animal epidemic disease prevention and control policy only looked them as receptor of institution simply, overlooked their dynamic role on the policy. So it will be more valuable to establish an animal epidemic disease combined with raising household's need, which will be more easily to obtain their cooperative behavior. However, there are rare available empirical researches that analysis the relation between raising households' factors and the goal of government animal epidemic disease control.To resolve the problems above, this paper has made an analysis on survey data using the Structural Equation Model. The data was collected through the investigation on partial raising households of three areas of Xinzhou, Enshi and Yichang of Hubei province. The research result showing that the resources, anti-epidemic belief and risk attitude the raising households have hold are correlated with the goal of government animal epidemic prevention and control directly. Among these factors, raising households' education level, prevention frequency and the judgment on risk source are the three explicit variables which effect animal health mainly. So it will be favorable for improving animal epidemic disease control efficiency, increasing communication between households and the government, reducing transaction cost of animal epidemic disease prevention and control, if the government could enforce the training and guiding on households' culture, reinforce their anti-epidemic belief, make the market of animal product, provender and veterinary drugs stable and normative.The policy suggestions of this paper mainly include the following contents: enrich rising households' resources, improve their anti-prevention belief, and reduce their culture risk expectation; increase the transparency of the policy and organization establishment of animal epidemic disease control to lower the cost of raising households expectation on government behavior; implement husbandry insurance comprehensively to enforce raising households' anti-risk ability.