Study On The Control System For Seedling Transplanter Based On 51 Series Microcontroller

With the increasing of the world population, the demand for vegetables and other agricultural products is growing. Various countries in the world have given great attention and concern to agricultural production. China is the major agricultural country in the world, and agricultural mechanization is an important part of agricultural modernization in China. Through 60 years of development, China greatly changed its traditional agricultural practices, promoting agricultural transformation from extensive to intensive. China also prompted the adjustment of industry and economic structure, deepening and improving optimization. With China's entrance into the WTO, the use of agricultural mechanism will experience a great increase in breadth and depth, and agricultural mechanization will play a greater role, which will create new prospects for agricultural machinery business in China.With the adjustment of agricultural structure and the annual increase in the amount of agricultural products such as vegetables exports, large-scale centralized crop farming has become a necessity. The transplanting technology in agricultural development has become a key technology. Transplanting can effectively resist drought, cold, pests and other natural disasters, saving seeds and increasing yield per unit area. Hence transplanting is important for developing high efficient agriculture. Over the years, the characteristics of labor-intensive agricultural production have caused the labor transplanting crop production costs to account for more than 50%. The artificial transplanting labor strength is high and its efficiency is poor.Mechanized transplanting can reduce the labor intensity of farmers and improve operational efficiency in order to increase production and income. Therefore, achieving Chinese agricultural mechanization of transplant operation has become important problem which must be solved. At present, some developed countries produce generic transplanting equipment more strongly and their operational reliability is better. However, their structure is complex and their costs are also higher. Since the suitable large-scale transplanting seedlings transplanting machines are not yet ripe domestically, to develop the transplanting machines and tools which is conducive to Chinese national conditions has a theoretical and practical value to changing the characteristics in labor-intensive agricultural production, lowering production costs, and saving labor. On the basis of the study of planting techniques and the development of transplanting machines at home and abroad, the issue summarized the advantages and disadvantages of the existing transplanting machine. Address the existing problems of the transplanting machine such as transplanting a single; sub-Miao and drop not easy to control; difficult to regulate the distance between plants, drawing the results of previous studies,the issue set a new type of transplant action process,and accordingly designed the mechanical structures of transplanter such as slip seedling; take seedling; stop seedling; put seedling and membrane punch. Combined with its mechanical structure and the process of transplanting action, designed the control system of the transplanting machineThe system's hardware circuit design includes the chips select, power conversion circuit design, signal acquisition and processing circuit design, and human-machine interface circuit design. System hardware design uses a modular design approach, so that the system has good scalability. After the completion of the hardware circuit design, it is to design the PCB circuit board by the watchdog, optocoupler isolation, and other methods to improve system security and anti-interference. Control system software design uses high-level language KEIL C51. Through the preparation of signal detection procedures, implementing agency control program, keyboard input and display program, it ultimately changes the speed traction tractor case and seedling transplanting spacing in the rows of fine-tuning and completion of the work.This topic is a preliminary attempt with the domestic transplanting machine and SCM's combination. Its control system is cheap and easy to operate. The tests show that applying this new type of transplanting machine control system can reduce labor intensity and improve transplanted speed and the reliability of cultivation. In research topics, the problems encountered and resolved as well as the experimental data lay a foundation for further study for high-performance transplanting machine in the future.