| The climate of Zhashui is Humid sub-tropical, where contains many wild species of Cymbidium faberi. Wild populations had been destroyed, or even disappear because of development of nature resource and interests.It is badly to impact on the natural breeding of wild species.Researching on moephological traits provides a theoretical basis for germplasm conservation.There are four natural populations of 75 individuals as the experimental material for the research. The main research results were as follows: (l) The results of researeh showed that there were significantly difference in morphological characters among populations. The average CV of 4 phenotypic traits(in scape,flower,and leaf ) were 69.43%,54.90%,53.25%,respectively,the traits stability of leaf was higher than that of other morphological traits.(2)The VST of all traits wing from 17.07%-46.26%.The mean phenotypic differentiation coefficient VST among populations was 26.38%,and it was 73.62% within populations.That showed the variation within populations was greatly bigger than among populations.(3) Morphological traits and geographical factor were not significantly correlation. Phenotypic variation was the dominant factor in the region of Zhashui.(4)The 4 populations of Cymbidium faberi could be divided into 3 groups according to the UPGMA cluster analysis.(5) .The result from the main components shows that phenotypic variation mainly dued to diameter of flower, thickness of stalk, length of bract, leaf number, sepal length and width.
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