Genetic Diversity Of Three Goose Breeds By Microsatellite Markers

To explore the phylogeny and genetic diversity of three breeds of goose(Yili, Grey and The African wild goose) and provide the theoretical basis for study in the conservation and development of goose breeds industry, microsatellite DNA markers were applied. The results were as follows:1. Research on the genetic diversity of 3 breeds of goose(1) Twelve microsatellite loci were amplified and analyzed in three breeds of goose,128 samples in all. Based on gene frequency calculated by POPGENE32 software, Hardy-Weinberg equilibrium in 12 loci was tested. The results indicated that only part of these loci were in Hardy-Weinberg equilibrium. There were 1,6 and 5 loci in Hardy-Weinberg equilibrium for population of YIli goose, Grey goose and The African wild goose respectively. Most of loci were in disequilibrium.(2) The polymorphism information content (PIC) was 0.4590,0.4806 and 0.5107 respectively in populations of Yili goose, Grey goose, and The African wild goose. Expected Heterozygosity (He) was 0.6463,0.7265 and 0.7499 respectively. The number of effective alleles (Ne) was 2.9196,3.6399 and 3.9322 respectively. Shannon index was 1.1305,1.3222 and 1.3910 respectively. It was indicated the genetic diversity was moderate in three breeds of goose.(3) Fst was 0.1142 between Yili goose and The African wild goose,0.0891 between Grey goose and The African wild goose. It was indicated that there was moderate differentiation. But there was Low degree of differentiation between Yili goose and Grey goose, Fst was 0.0458.(4) The gene was lowest between Yili goose and The African wild goose(Nm=1.9393), highest between Yili goose and Grey goose (Nm=5.2084), intermediate between Grey goose and The African wild (Nm=3.9791).(5) The Ds and Da genetic distance were coincidence with Fst.The genetic distance between Yili goose and The African wild was the highest, between Yili goose and Grey goose was the lowest. The dendrogram analysis among three breeds receive the same result.2. Correlation analysis of microsatellite loci for body weight and body size traits in Yili goose (2) A few characters among body traits showed significant correlation, most of the body traits with two or more related properties. The result implied that there was the most significant difference between the body weight and trunk length, chest broad, chest depth, keel length (P<0.01), and the pelvis different from weight (P<0.05).(2) The results of variance analysis on eight traits of Yili goose among different microsatellite marker genes showed that five traits:weight, trunk length, chest broad, chest depth and keel length in different genotypes had significant effect of 12 microsatellite seat. Only ADL0136 different genotypes of five traits are not significant difference (P>0.05). Other microsatellite seat between body weight and body size traits was significant difference characters (P<0.05).