Studies On Optimal Management Strategies Of Household Ranch In Desert Steppe

Based on the premise of sustainable utilization of grassland resources, with the method of model combining with experiment to discuss the optimal management of household ranch by the strategies of reducing the stocking rate, optimize the structure of herd, utilize the forage rationally,pen feeding in winter to improve the livelihood of farmers.The result showed that the large gap exist between the grassland yield and livestock needed for seasonal ,the energy of livestock maintenance required to maintain actual liveweights and actual metabolisable energy requirements is unbalance in traditional grazing;Change the lambing time from February to Aprial, maintenance required to maintain actual liveweights and actual metabolisable energy requirements match better,but with the stocking rate increasing the net income of lambing in February is heigher than lambing in Aprial;Pen feeding from December to February reduced the stocking rate from 0.5 breeding ewes/hm2(the current situation) to 0.3 breeding ewes/hm2 the net income is highest of pen feeding in winter and grazing all year;In the livestock production experment ,Does and Ewes liveweight lose of experimental farm is 45.99g/d/hd,33.97 g/d/hd lower than control farm in pen feeding time,and the livestock of pen feeding growing faster in later;And the weight of corresponding lambs and kids are significantly higher than control farm,lambs and kids are respectively 47.41g/d/hd ,30.30g/d/hd and 13.70g/d/hd,63.90 g/d/hd higher;At the same time the adult sheexperimental farm of 3 and above 3 years old effect more apparent for pen feeding in winter;In the condition of reduce the livestock number ,pen feeding in winter and increased cost ,expermental farm's net income is balance with control farm. The net income of each breeding sheexperimental farm in experimental farm is 12 yuan higher than control farm.The grassland yield is significantly higher than control farm.