Agronomic And Quality Character Comparison Of F₁ Hybrids Of Platycodon Grandiflorum

Do comparative tests of three Platycodon grandiflorum hybrids for understand the agronomic characters and quality characters such as the contents of total kikyosaponin, polysaccharides, and crude fiber. The result showed:The hybrids has universal and obvious yield advantage, plant height, node number and aerial stem and leaf dry weight can be used as indirect index for yield selection, taproot rate and high yield only can be balanced at some point .Among the three hybrids, H17 have highest kikyosaponin contents, and H15 have lowest crude fiber contents. H18, H17, H15 can be used as synthetic, medical and edible variety, respectively. Three hybrids have the advantages of the potential ability to enhance production, and higher active ingredient contents, therefore they achieved the breeding objective and can be popularized as new variety.According to the method of 2×10 incomplete diallel cross to devise test. Do analyse of heterosis and combining ability for the main agronomic characters of 2 male sterile lines, 10 four-generation inbred lines and their hybrids. The result showed:The agronomic characters of F1 has obvious heterosis. Dry plant weight and fresh root weight have the largest heterosis. Their middle parent heterosis (MPH), high parent heterosis(HPH) and heterosis over CK (CH) were 96.07%, 62.62%, 116.21%, 108.99%, and 111.98%, 113.47%, respectively.The general combining ability (GCA) value of the aerial characters in M96 and M100 male parents was the most highest. The GCA value of average fresh weight of root in M94 and M100 was the most highest, which indicated they were ideal parents for high production combination. F102 can be used as female parent for good root-shape and obvious advantages average fresh weight of root combination. Based on the heritability analysis results, plant height, primary branch number and fruit number might be selected in the early generation. The F1 hybrids derived from male sterile lines being crossed with inbred lines have obvious heterosis. It applied the hybrid heterosis breeding is an effective way for the new variety of Platycodon grandiflorum.