Effects Of Different Chemical Materials On The Seed Germination And The Seeding Growth Of Solanum Torvum L.

The experiment was mainly observed and compared on the effect of different chemical priming treatments and soaking time to the Solanum Torvum seed germination and seedling growth, used 500mg/L²000mg/L GA₃, 0.5%⁵.0% KNO3, 0.1%¹.0% NaNO3 and 20%³0%PEG as chemical priming solution, and also measured several physiological and biochemical resistance index. The results showed that: the priming treatment of 500mg/L²000mg/L GA₃ significantly enhanced the germination of the Solanum Torvum seeds and the germination rate, the germination energy and the germination index significantly increased with the increase of the concent ration of GA₃, among which 1000mg/L～2000mg/L GA₃ soaking 36h was the optimal treatment and the germination rate, thegermination energy and the germination index were significantly increased by 27.39%⁶9.27%,195.33%²34.70%,1662.50%¹493.75% respectively, compared to the control. After treatment with 1000mg/L～2000mg/L GA₃ soaking 36h, the Solanum Torvum seeds completed germination only requires 9 days, greatly shortened the germination time, the germination energy were significantly higher than those in control which completed germination needs 14 days.The germination effect of PEG priming solution treatments were related to the content of PEG, 20% PEG has significantly promoting effect on the germination of Solanum Torvum seeds, but the germination effect significantly reduced by the increase of the concent of PEG, the germination rate, the germination index and the germination energy significantly decreased by 10.87%, 19.06% and 57.25% treatmented with 40% PEG. Effects of soaking time on the germination of Solanum Torvum seeds has the same regularity. The germination rate, the germination index and the germination energy were significantly increased by 3.49%～35.75%, 7.58%～23.52% and 57.14%～171.43% respectively treatmented with soaking 12h. The soaking seeds time is longer, the germination effect will be more smaller. Compared to the control, the germination rate, the germination index and the germination energy significantly decreased by 10.87%～13.39%, 5.17%～25.23% and 57.25%～68.12% treatmented with soaking 48h. The results of research on PEG priming solution treatments and soaking time on the germination of Solanum Torvum seeds showed that 20% PEG soaking 12h was the optimal treatment and the germination rate, the germination index and the germination energy were significantly increased by 35.75%, 11.93% and 171.43% respectively, compared to the control. The germination capacity of Solanum Torvum seeds promoted by 0.5%KNO3 priming solution treatments and the germination rate, the germination index and the germination energy significantly increased by 53.63%, 77.56% and 185.71% respectively, compared to the control. The germination capacity of Solanum Torvum seeds inhibited by higher concentration of KNO3 priming solution treatments and significantly decreased with the increase of the concent ration of KNO3, treatmented with 5.0%KNO3 soaking 36h the germination rate, the germination index and the germination energy significantly decreased by 13.48%,7.40%and 31.25% respectively ,compared to the control. At a certain KNO3 concentration, the soaking seeds time is longer, the material exosmosis and the inhibitory effect will be more serious. NaNO3 priming solution treatments has no influenced on the germination rate, the germination index and the germination energy.The Solanum Torvum seeds were treated with different concentrations GA₃ solutions and different soaking time,the results showed that GA₃ solutions and different soaking time can varying degrees promote Solanum Torvum plant height, stem diameter, the average leaf number, leaf area, dry weight, fresh weight. Comprehensive measured index in this experiment, the concentrations of 1500mg/L GA₃ and 36h soaking can cultivate sound seedling in all aspects of processing, is the most appropriate treatment of GA₃ concentrations on Solanum Torvum soaking. We known that soaking concentration was 1500mg/L and soaking time for 36h , compared with the control ,treated seedlings plant height increased by 51.06% 50d after sowing; diameter were increased by 23.85% 29.05%; average leaf number increased 18.98% ; leaf length and leaf width of maximum leaf areas were increased up 56.75% and 40.85%; plant fresh weight increase of 228.92%; The effect to shoot-root ratio was especially obviously, the shoot-root ratio was significantly higher in the plants, the plant's strong index increased significantly, its increasing extent reaches 80.08% and 79.36%, respectively.After treatment wirh 1500mg/L GA₃ soaking 36h, The treatment seeds soluble protein content were increased, the MDA content was reduced, SOD activity, POD activity and CAT activity of seedling leaves were higher than that of control and other treatment, thus enhancing the stress resistance of Solanum Torvum seedlings.