| This paper proposed the problems existed in Olive distribution and site selection and reassured the range to plant olive in this county based on the investigation and data collected from Qingchuan 5300 hectares olive farm. According to the investigation and analysis on each index, drew up a simple standard to do excellent tree selection to offer the theory reference for olive excellent tree selection. After three years' primary selection, check and final selection, finally,15 excellent individuals were selected out from many uneven introduced abroad trees.The important results were as following:1) Suitable regions for olive were ascertained according to comparing different site conditions. In Bailonghu region of Qingchuan, the areas with altitude higher than 900m are not adapt to planting olive tree; Olive tree grows well on shady slope, while the fruit is bad; Stone in soil and the slope has no significant relationship with olive growth, all the olive tree fruit normally on such condition; Thin oil which is less than 50 cm leads to poor growth, such soil condition is not fit for olive planting; Inter-planting model has better fruit rate than pure olive farm, appropriate inter-planting is good for improving yield of olive fruit. This paper proposed an appraisal system to evaluate olive tree growth based on altitude, texture of soil, thickness of soil, slope direction etc. site conditions.2) 15 excellent individuals were selected out after primary election, checking and run-off election, which were in descending order as:s2, s11, s8, s10, s, s5, y, s7, y3, s9, s3, s6, s4, s13, y2 according to the first principal component, which made a stock for Qingchuan on excellent reproduction materials. S5 is the best for olive oil, while s3 is the best one for table olive. Clustering on oil component, s5 clustered to be one group alone when the distance coefficient was 8.3)Compare the excellent trees to the candidate trees, formulated a simple standard for excellent tree election. Resistance selection was based on the stresses degree (including insects, drought, and frozen). Selection on mass growth standard was as following, the ground diameter should surpass 20% of the contrast, height should be 15% higher than contrast, and the crown diameter should be 20% bigger than contrast. Standard for fruit was as following:angle of small branches should be less than 45 degrees, fruit branches should be 90% more than the contrast, the sample fruit-bearing branch's fruit number is bigger than 50%, and the number of fruit should be more than 100%. Weight of single fruit and the length of branch can be referred.4) Observing the phonological phase of excellent trees, different individuals had different phonological phase, the flower period was similar, the longest one differed 6 days, while the fruit mature time had a big difference, the longest one differed one month.5) Different individuals had different complete flower rate, there was a significant difference between individuals. It was related to mutation of individuals, but the fruit falling and nutritional competition between fruits resulted in the consistence of fruits on each inflorescence in harvest time.6) The course of fruit growth was that longitudinal diameter, transverse diameter and the shape of fruit had following flux period:fast-slow-fast-slow. According to the observation of the weight of single fruit, the growth curve of olive was in line of "S" curve. Earlier stage was most important to fruit growth, it is necessary to satisfy the nutrition demands of fruit.
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