| In this paper, the pteria martensii was used as the model to study its motility rate, morphology, and the integrity of membrane, so we can offer basic data for its sperm quality detection.1. The study of evaluation of sperm viability rate of Pinctada martensii stained by Eosin Y: The good gonad male shell semen was used as the model. We chose several common dye including eosin Y and crystal violet to dye the sperm of pteria martensii and screened preliminarily the dye which can be used to detect sperm quility of pteria martensii. After screening suitable dye ,we also studied the concentration and dye time of staining solution. And we also made a detection about toxicity and sperm crude mortality ration of staining solution , analyzed actual death rate and theory mortality after staining, and made a summary the best stainng method of its sperm. The results showed after staining by eosin Y, the live sperms can not be stained ,while the dead can be stained to red. The results of the toxicity showed that the eosin Y can be used to detect and evaluate the sperms and this method was more sensitive than the common method. The concentration of 0.04% was the optimized concentration and the time was 15 min.2. Comparison of staining two methods in evaluation of Pinctada martensii sperms morphology. We made semen smear by different methods , chose eosinY and crystal violet to deal with the smears , then according to sperms characteristic in the Microscope to definite the main style of malformation and its features. The results showed after the sperm solution was mixed with 2% eosin Y ,the head of sperm was cardinal ,while the tail was plum with the pink background. the contast was obvious and the strcuture was clear, so we can judge precisely sperms morphology. 0.5%Crystal Violet was dropped into the edge of semen's slide, and the stained method of permeating was used to make the dye uniform distribution. Then we disclosed two slide s and got two sperm slide. After drying , in the micro, the head of sperm was dark violet and the tail was light purple with the background of pale pink which meaned we can get clear structure and obvious characteristics of dying ,and we can also make a judgement to the morphological characteristic of sperm.The teratospermia of Pinctada martensii was mainly in the cervical and tail of sperm, while there was few in the head.The detection results showed two methods could be used to detect its shapes, while eosinY was better according to the difficulty of making slide.3. Observation on the reliability of Crystal Violet Water-test in evaluating functional integrity of Pinctada martensii sperm membrane. We imbibed semen on the clean slide, dropped distilled water and mixed , then dropped 0.5% crystal violet, observed sperm tail swelling under the microscope of 40×10 times and made a statistical analysis. And the eosin Y was used to detect motility rate. The results showed the sperms'tail was swelling in the distilled water and the sperms was dark purple with the pink background. comparing the tail swelling rate with sperms activity by stained eosin Y, we cannot get significant difference. That meaned the method can be used to detect the integrity of sperms membrane.
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