Study On The Characters Inheritance Trend And Genetic Diversity Of F₁ Hybrids Of 'Hongyang' Kiwifruit

In this study,'hongyang' kiwifruit and F1 hybrids were used as the materials, for discussing the inheritance trend of main characters of fruit. and the fine materials were raveled their genetic relation and diversity by ISSR markers. The results were as following:1 The number of male plants was much more than the female plants in the F1 hybrids of 'hongyang' kiwifruit. There were different ratio for female to male in different cross combinations, one of which was as high as 1:2.3. How long juvenile phase lasts is a quantitative character which is controlled by multigene, Most of the combination were longer than 4 years except HY×SF0618-M.The fruit size was controlled by multigene and presented wide-ranging distribution, the average fruit size of progenies is smaller than the mother'hongyang' kiwifruit 53.75g, showed to be small genetic trends, influenced by the environment greatly,as well as some super-female parent individuals.The fuzz of fruit skin was included rough, mod, smooth. In the F1 hybrids of 'hongyang' kiwifruit:the smooth one was second to the mod and the rough one was minimum. showing bias on the mod drift to the female's genetic predisposition.The average soluble solid content of the progeny all were higher than the female 16.3%,there were also much high-SSC plants that over 20%, showed high pro-genetic tendency. The soluble solid content was a quantitative character controlled by multigene and presented wide-ranging distribution.The fruit red color level of the ovary and the flesh color were a quantitative character of continuous variation. fruit red color level of the ovary tend to show bias on the non-red male parent's genetic predisposition, there are a small number of super-pro-individual, showed a certain degree of superiority.The average flesh color were higher than the female in all combinations and over 50%-87.5%.Green color and dark green took a great proportion, The F1 hybrids showed high pro-genetic tendency and drift to female parent..The average dry material were higher than the female 20.38%,up to 0.05%-1.03%, which expressed continuous variation and model quantitative character, showed high pro-genetic tendency.There were also some plants higher than 25%.In HY×SF0618-M combination,the average core size were higher than female, while others were lower than female. The number of small core size was over the big ones in F1 hybrids, as well as the hollow.2 The orthogonal design was used to optimize ISSR-PCR amplification system on 'hongyang' kiwifruit, in five level of five factors which were Mg2+, Taq DNA polymerase, primer, dNTPs, DNA template respectively. The results showed that the 20μL reaction system consisted of 10×PCR buffer 2.0μL,1.5U Taq DNA polymerase, 60ng DNA template,1.25μmol/L primer,0.15 mmol/L dNTPs and 0.75 mmol/L Mg2+.The optimal PCR amplification process was as following:1 cycle initial denaturalization at 94℃for 7min,followed by 45cycles, which included denaturalization at 94℃for 30s,annealing for 45s,and extension at 72℃for 2min,and then extension at 72℃for 7min,and finally holding the samples at 4℃for ever. Thereaction condition of ISSR experiment of kiwifruit was discussed, which was a basis for study on genetic diversity among kiwifruit populations.58.5℃was the most suitable annealing temperature of UBC841 primer.3 F1 hybrids of'hongyang' kiwifruit were used as materials for analyzing their genome polymorphism by ISSR markers.8 primers selected from 100 primers were used for ISSR amplification. A total of 71 bands were generated,63bands of which were polymorphic bands,the percentage of polymorphic band was 83.3%. According to the results of ISSR amplification, which were analyzed to Jaccard similarity coefficient by NTSYSpc 2.10 software, the genetic similarity coefficient was 0.3239-0.8592, the average genetic similarity coefficient was 0.5986. UPGMA method clustering analysis displayed the genetic relation among the varieties. The genetic distance between 10 and 16 was the farthest, while 7 and 18 was the nearest. It was 27 which was nearest to the female 'hongyang' kiwifruit.