| Forest Muru in China's second largest forest-Southwest Forestry District Daofu County, is the focus of the implementation of China's Natural Forest Protection Project area.In this paper, using landscape ecological principles and methods based on the order 3 (1989,1997 and 2007) TM remote sensing image as data source, using 3S technology, research the Forest Muru before the implementation of natural forest protection project (1989 to 1997, the same below) and after (1998 to 2007, the same below) landscape pattern changes, combined with the measured data and remote sensing of forest biomass and topographic data to establish a forest biomass regression model, estimated in the study area of the forest carbon sequestration benefits.The aim is to correctly evaluate the natural forest protection project in the landscape pattern change and mitigate global climate change in the role to provide base data, which to provide a theoretical basis for sustainable management of Subalpine natural forest resources(1) Before and after Natural Forest Project, the area of forest landscape in Forest Muru has changed in different degrees.Before the Natural forest protection project,the area of coniferous forest was 16882.74 hm2 in 1989 while was 13819.95 hm2 in 1997;the area of shrub forest and broadleaf forest have increased from 5093.28 hm2 to 7182.81 hm2and 1354.77 hm2 to 2506.50 hm2 from 1989 to 1997. After Natural Forest Protection Project, the area of coniferous forest and broadleaf forest has increased from 13819.95 hm2 to 15080.13 hm2 and 2506.50 hm2 to 2583.90 hm2 from 1997 to 2007.Meanwhile, the landscape matrix-coniferous forest in the study area has increased to 34.23% after Natural Forest Project,which was 38.32% in 1989 falling to 31.37% in 1997.It shows that the implementation of natural forest protection project has promoted the evolution of landscape pattern, stopped the landscape matrix area declining.(2) The Natural forest protection project promotes reduction of the landscape heterogeneity and fragmentation and the gradual recovery of the overall connectivity of the landscape.Before the implementation of natural forest protection, landscape edge density index and Shannon diversity index has increased from 106.68 m·km-2 and 1.60 to 109.42 m·km-2 and 1.68 from 1989 to 1997 while the combined index fell from 98.20 to 97.07.The edge density index,the landscape fragmentation index and Shannon diversity index has fallen from 109.42 m·km-2,0.0354 and 1.68 to 105.18 m·km-2,0.0323, and 1.61 from 1997 to 2007 while the combined index has increased from 97.07 in 1997 to 97.60 in 2007 after the implementation of Natural forest protection project.Visiblly, natural forest protection project helps to promote the energy flow and material circulation in the ecosystem and reduce the spread of disturbance,which is benefit for the succession and development in the whole biological community and conservation of biological diversity.(3) Correlation Analysis forest biomass measured and topographic to show that:vegetation index and various wave bands surface index of reflection is better correlated with biomass (P<0.05), but topographic is not significant. The results demonstrated that the forest biomass remote sensing model is established by vegetation index and various wave bands surface index of reflection in the region of Western Sichuan natural forest protection project. (4) The forest biomass remote sensing model is fitted by method which linearity, curve and multiple regression. Based on determination coefficient (R2), significance (P) has determined most superior biomass remote sensing model for coniferous forest, the foliage forest and the scrub forest in the research area. The model respectively is Y=127.340 TM2+93.835 TM3+344.518 TM5-75.505 WVI+0.339 V13-226.322 BVI+9.664 (R2= 0.888, P<0.05), Y=-204.723 TM2+105.448 TM3-58.121 WVI-37.948 DVI+57.346 BVI+13.325 (R2=0.620, P<0.05) and Y=-49.469 TM2-141.236 TM3+0.056 BVI+16.468 (R2= 0.620, P<0.05).(5) The implementation of natural protection project improves the carbon fixing capacity and effectiveness of forest.Carbon fixing capacity of forest vegetation dropped from 1465362.31Mg to 1420723.63 Mg from 1989 to 1997, the carbon fixing benefits caculated by reforestation cost-effective carbon tax and Sweden declined 12,199,800 yuan and 55.5752 million yuan before the implementation of natural forest protection project in the study area.So,natural forest protection projects, in enhancing forest carbon fixing capacity and effectiveness of the mitigation of global climate change plays an important role. |
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